The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.

Background: Infertility is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse, with male factors accounting for about 50% of cases. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a glycoprotein belonging to the Transforming growth factor beta family, is secreted from Sertoli cells and plays a key r...

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Main Authors: Osama Ali Layih, Basil Oied Mohammed Saleh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: College of Medicine University of Baghdad 2025-07-01
Series:مجلة كلية الطب
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Online Access:https://iqjmc.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/19JFacMedBaghdad36/article/view/3131
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author Osama Ali Layih
Basil Oied Mohammed Saleh
author_facet Osama Ali Layih
Basil Oied Mohammed Saleh
author_sort Osama Ali Layih
collection DOAJ
description Background: Infertility is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse, with male factors accounting for about 50% of cases. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a glycoprotein belonging to the Transforming growth factor beta family, is secreted from Sertoli cells and plays a key role in male sexual differentiation. Objectives: To examine the potential role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in differentiating the subtypes of male infertility. Methods: This case-control study was done at the Infertility Center of Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, by the Department of Biochemistry / College of Medicine / University of Baghdad between April 2024 and January 2025. It included 111 males, aged 20-55 years. These subjects were subdivided into four groups based on seminal fluid analysis: The Normozoospermic group (30 males), who served as the control group; the Asthenozoospermia group (29 males); the oligozoospermia group (25 males); and the idiopathic (unexplained) infertility group (27 males). Investigations included serum and seminal fluid measurements of anti-müllerian hormone using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The mean ±SD values of anti-müllerian hormone concentrations were significantly higher in the serum compared with the results of seminal plasma in all groups except the oligozoospermia group, where the AMH was higher than in the serum. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed that Serum AMH exhibited fair to good diagnostic performance with cutoff value between (2.5-3.2 ng/ml), while seminal fluid AMH displayed lower diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing subtypes of male infertility, the cutoff value ranging from (1.75-3.83 ng/ml). Conclusion: Serum AMH levels exhibit fair to good diagnostic performance in differentiating subtypes of male infertility. Seminal fluid AMH displayed lower diagnostic accuracy across all groups, with elevated levels in oligozoospermic subjects. These findings suggest that serum AMH may be a valuable biomarker in evaluating male infertility subtypes.
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spelling doaj-art-1668be95304644c9bbbe5be5f63ca02c2025-08-20T03:32:55ZengCollege of Medicine University of Baghdadمجلة كلية الطب0041-94192410-80572025-07-0167No. 210.32007/jfacmedbaghdad3131The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.Osama Ali Layih0https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6937-3855Basil Oied Mohammed Saleh1https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0053-5422Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Background: Infertility is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse, with male factors accounting for about 50% of cases. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a glycoprotein belonging to the Transforming growth factor beta family, is secreted from Sertoli cells and plays a key role in male sexual differentiation. Objectives: To examine the potential role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in differentiating the subtypes of male infertility. Methods: This case-control study was done at the Infertility Center of Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, by the Department of Biochemistry / College of Medicine / University of Baghdad between April 2024 and January 2025. It included 111 males, aged 20-55 years. These subjects were subdivided into four groups based on seminal fluid analysis: The Normozoospermic group (30 males), who served as the control group; the Asthenozoospermia group (29 males); the oligozoospermia group (25 males); and the idiopathic (unexplained) infertility group (27 males). Investigations included serum and seminal fluid measurements of anti-müllerian hormone using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The mean ±SD values of anti-müllerian hormone concentrations were significantly higher in the serum compared with the results of seminal plasma in all groups except the oligozoospermia group, where the AMH was higher than in the serum. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed that Serum AMH exhibited fair to good diagnostic performance with cutoff value between (2.5-3.2 ng/ml), while seminal fluid AMH displayed lower diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing subtypes of male infertility, the cutoff value ranging from (1.75-3.83 ng/ml). Conclusion: Serum AMH levels exhibit fair to good diagnostic performance in differentiating subtypes of male infertility. Seminal fluid AMH displayed lower diagnostic accuracy across all groups, with elevated levels in oligozoospermic subjects. These findings suggest that serum AMH may be a valuable biomarker in evaluating male infertility subtypes. https://iqjmc.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/19JFacMedBaghdad36/article/view/3131Anti-Müllerian HormoneAsthenozoospermiaPlasma Seminal Fluid
spellingShingle Osama Ali Layih
Basil Oied Mohammed Saleh
The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.
مجلة كلية الطب
Anti-Müllerian Hormone
Asthenozoospermia
Plasma Seminal Fluid
title The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.
title_full The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.
title_fullStr The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.
title_short The Role of Serum and Seminal Fluid Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in Differentiating Subtypes of Male Infertility.
title_sort role of serum and seminal fluid anti mullerian hormone amh in differentiating subtypes of male infertility
topic Anti-Müllerian Hormone
Asthenozoospermia
Plasma Seminal Fluid
url https://iqjmc.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/19JFacMedBaghdad36/article/view/3131
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