Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye

Nowadays the ultimate challenge on this planet called earth is to make available clean drinkable water for all. Textile industry, predominantly dye industry, represents the major contributor to water pollution in the world. The study investigated the removal of malachite green from aqueous solutions...

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Main Authors: Akeem A. bamigbade, Kayode D. Oduntan, Ruth T. Sulaiman, Ayeni Itunu, Olubunmi K. Akiode
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nigerian Academy of Science 2025-06-01
Series:The Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science
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Online Access:https://nasjournal.org.ng/site/index.php/pnas/article/view/644/374
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author Akeem A. bamigbade
Kayode D. Oduntan
Ruth T. Sulaiman
Ayeni Itunu
Olubunmi K. Akiode
author_facet Akeem A. bamigbade
Kayode D. Oduntan
Ruth T. Sulaiman
Ayeni Itunu
Olubunmi K. Akiode
author_sort Akeem A. bamigbade
collection DOAJ
description Nowadays the ultimate challenge on this planet called earth is to make available clean drinkable water for all. Textile industry, predominantly dye industry, represents the major contributor to water pollution in the world. The study investigated the removal of malachite green from aqueous solutions utilizing smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) assisted silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), UV-visible Spectrophotometry, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). TRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the AgNPs. SEM image revealed that the AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology with non-uniform granular appearance, which can be attributed to the bio-mediated synthesis process. FTIR spectrum of the AgNPs displayed peaks at 3407, 2956, 2834, 2725, 1660, 1358 and 1096 cm-1, indicating the presence of free hydroxyl groups, C-H stretching modes, C=O stretching of alkenes, carbonyl group C-OH stretching, and C-O stretching in alcohols and ethers, respectively. Adsorption studies were conducted under varying conditions, including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, and initial dye concentration, to determine optimal conditions and maximum adsorption capacities. The findings revealed that an increase in temperature had a minimal influence on the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherms were best described by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin models, while the Dubinin-Radushkevich model was found to be unsuitable for this adsorption process. Overall, the results suggest that AgNPs are effective adsorbents for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions.
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institution Kabale University
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series The Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science
spelling doaj-art-1658e6be13f7487a8447635a044c6b932025-08-20T03:55:48ZengNigerian Academy of ScienceThe Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science0794-79762705-327X2025-06-011817998https://doi.org/10.57046/DBWS3289Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dyeAkeem A. bamigbade0Kayode D. Oduntan1Ruth T. Sulaiman2Ayeni Itunu3Olubunmi K. Akiode4Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, NigeriaFederal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, NigeriaFederal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, NigeriaFederal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, NigeriaNigeria Army University Biu, Borno State, Nigeria Nowadays the ultimate challenge on this planet called earth is to make available clean drinkable water for all. Textile industry, predominantly dye industry, represents the major contributor to water pollution in the world. The study investigated the removal of malachite green from aqueous solutions utilizing smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) assisted silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), UV-visible Spectrophotometry, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). TRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the AgNPs. SEM image revealed that the AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology with non-uniform granular appearance, which can be attributed to the bio-mediated synthesis process. FTIR spectrum of the AgNPs displayed peaks at 3407, 2956, 2834, 2725, 1660, 1358 and 1096 cm-1, indicating the presence of free hydroxyl groups, C-H stretching modes, C=O stretching of alkenes, carbonyl group C-OH stretching, and C-O stretching in alcohols and ethers, respectively. Adsorption studies were conducted under varying conditions, including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, and initial dye concentration, to determine optimal conditions and maximum adsorption capacities. The findings revealed that an increase in temperature had a minimal influence on the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherms were best described by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin models, while the Dubinin-Radushkevich model was found to be unsuitable for this adsorption process. Overall, the results suggest that AgNPs are effective adsorbents for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions.https://nasjournal.org.ng/site/index.php/pnas/article/view/644/374silver nanoparticlemalachite greencharacterizationadsorptionkineticsisotherm
spellingShingle Akeem A. bamigbade
Kayode D. Oduntan
Ruth T. Sulaiman
Ayeni Itunu
Olubunmi K. Akiode
Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
The Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science
silver nanoparticle
malachite green
characterization
adsorption
kinetics
isotherm
title Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
title_full Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
title_fullStr Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
title_short Synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from Amaranthus Hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
title_sort synthesis and application of silver nanoparticle adsorbent produced from amaranthus hybridus for the removal of malachite green dye
topic silver nanoparticle
malachite green
characterization
adsorption
kinetics
isotherm
url https://nasjournal.org.ng/site/index.php/pnas/article/view/644/374
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