Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage
This study aims to examine the effects of various drying methods, namely convective drying (CD), vacuum drying (VD), infrared drying (IRD), low-temperature vacuum drying (LTVD), and freeze-drying (FD), on the microstructure and in vitro bioaccessibility of red cabbage bioactive compounds and antioxi...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Nicol Mejias Antonio Vega-Galvez Alexis Pasten Elsa Uribe Ana Andrés Sara Muñoz-Pina Kateryna Khvostenko Purificación García-Segovia |
| author_facet | Nicol Mejias Antonio Vega-Galvez Alexis Pasten Elsa Uribe Ana Andrés Sara Muñoz-Pina Kateryna Khvostenko Purificación García-Segovia |
| author_sort | Nicol Mejias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to examine the effects of various drying methods, namely convective drying (CD), vacuum drying (VD), infrared drying (IRD), low-temperature vacuum drying (LTVD), and freeze-drying (FD), on the microstructure and in vitro bioaccessibility of red cabbage bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), total glucosinolate content (TGC), individual phenolic profile, and antioxidant potential (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) were examined experimentally in original and digested samples. Overall, SEM images of dried red cabbage showed more porous structures and minimal parenchyma deformation, enhancing bioactive compound bioaccessibility. Specifically, the bioaccessibility of TPC in IRD-dried samples was remarkably higher than that of FD- and LTVD-dried samples, although the latter two proved more TAC and TGC bioaccessible, respectively. Notably, hydroxycinnamic acids, such as ferulic and p-coumaric acids, markedly increased after digestion, especially in FD-dried samples. In vitro digestion revealed that CD-dried samples showed stronger DPPH and FRAP radical scavenging, whereas FD-dried samples had significantly higher ABTS scavenging activity. These findings suggest that LTVD and FD are the most suitable drying methods for red cabbage to enhance relevant bioactive compounds and, to some extent, antioxidant activity after digestion. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-16050de87ce044cd9457478745f339ee |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-16050de87ce044cd9457478745f339ee2025-08-20T02:23:07ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-05-011411193210.3390/foods14111932Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red CabbageNicol Mejias0Antonio Vega-Galvez1Alexis Pasten2Elsa Uribe3Ana Andrés4Sara Muñoz-Pina5Kateryna Khvostenko6Purificación García-Segovia7Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, ChileFood Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, ChileFood Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, ChileFood Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, ChileInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos-FoodUPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainThis study aims to examine the effects of various drying methods, namely convective drying (CD), vacuum drying (VD), infrared drying (IRD), low-temperature vacuum drying (LTVD), and freeze-drying (FD), on the microstructure and in vitro bioaccessibility of red cabbage bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), total glucosinolate content (TGC), individual phenolic profile, and antioxidant potential (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) were examined experimentally in original and digested samples. Overall, SEM images of dried red cabbage showed more porous structures and minimal parenchyma deformation, enhancing bioactive compound bioaccessibility. Specifically, the bioaccessibility of TPC in IRD-dried samples was remarkably higher than that of FD- and LTVD-dried samples, although the latter two proved more TAC and TGC bioaccessible, respectively. Notably, hydroxycinnamic acids, such as ferulic and p-coumaric acids, markedly increased after digestion, especially in FD-dried samples. In vitro digestion revealed that CD-dried samples showed stronger DPPH and FRAP radical scavenging, whereas FD-dried samples had significantly higher ABTS scavenging activity. These findings suggest that LTVD and FD are the most suitable drying methods for red cabbage to enhance relevant bioactive compounds and, to some extent, antioxidant activity after digestion.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/11/1932brassica vegetablesdrying kineticsglucosinolatessimulated digestion |
| spellingShingle | Nicol Mejias Antonio Vega-Galvez Alexis Pasten Elsa Uribe Ana Andrés Sara Muñoz-Pina Kateryna Khvostenko Purificación García-Segovia Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage Foods brassica vegetables drying kinetics glucosinolates simulated digestion |
| title | Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage |
| title_full | Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage |
| title_short | Evaluating the Microstructure and Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity After the Dehydration of Red Cabbage |
| title_sort | evaluating the microstructure and bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity after the dehydration of red cabbage |
| topic | brassica vegetables drying kinetics glucosinolates simulated digestion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/11/1932 |
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