A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis

Abstract Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a respiratory virus that often causes mild to moderate respiratory illnesses and, in severe cases, can lead to paralysis and rarely death, mainly in children. There is currently no vaccine or antiviral for EV-D68. Here, we report the rational design of viral 2 C...

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Main Authors: Kan Li, Michael J. Rudy, Yanmei Hu, Haozhou Tan, George Lambrinidis, Xiangmeng Wu, Kyriakos Georgiou, Bin Tan, Joshua Frost, Courtney Wilson, Penny Clarke, Antonios Kolocouris, Qing-yu Zhang, Kenneth L. Tyler, Jun Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61083-8
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author Kan Li
Michael J. Rudy
Yanmei Hu
Haozhou Tan
George Lambrinidis
Xiangmeng Wu
Kyriakos Georgiou
Bin Tan
Joshua Frost
Courtney Wilson
Penny Clarke
Antonios Kolocouris
Qing-yu Zhang
Kenneth L. Tyler
Jun Wang
author_facet Kan Li
Michael J. Rudy
Yanmei Hu
Haozhou Tan
George Lambrinidis
Xiangmeng Wu
Kyriakos Georgiou
Bin Tan
Joshua Frost
Courtney Wilson
Penny Clarke
Antonios Kolocouris
Qing-yu Zhang
Kenneth L. Tyler
Jun Wang
author_sort Kan Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a respiratory virus that often causes mild to moderate respiratory illnesses and, in severe cases, can lead to paralysis and rarely death, mainly in children. There is currently no vaccine or antiviral for EV-D68. Here, we report the rational design of viral 2 C inhibitors for treating EV-D68 infection-induced paralysis in a neonatal mouse model. Viral 2 C protein is a multi-functional protein vital for viral replication. Structure-based drug design identifies Jun6504 showing potent and broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple strains of EV-D68, EV-A71, and CVB3, as well as favorable in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. In a neonatal mouse model of EV-D68 infection, Jun6504 significantly improves paralysis score and weight gain when administered immediately or 24 hours post-infection. Jun6504 also reduces viral titers in the spinal cord and the infected quadriceps muscle. Collectively, Jun6504 represents a promising candidate for further development as an EV-D68 antiviral.
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spelling doaj-art-15ffa79b8786459dafb1b6f80cd1ed912025-08-20T03:03:41ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111810.1038/s41467-025-61083-8A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysisKan Li0Michael J. Rudy1Yanmei Hu2Haozhou Tan3George Lambrinidis4Xiangmeng Wu5Kyriakos Georgiou6Bin Tan7Joshua Frost8Courtney Wilson9Penny Clarke10Antonios Kolocouris11Qing-yu Zhang12Kenneth L. Tyler13Jun Wang14Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New JerseyDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado School of MedicineDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New JerseyDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New JerseyLaboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-ZografouDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of ArizonaLaboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-ZografouDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New JerseyDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado School of MedicineDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado School of MedicineDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado School of MedicineLaboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-ZografouDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of ArizonaDepartment of Neurology, University of Colorado School of MedicineDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New JerseyAbstract Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a respiratory virus that often causes mild to moderate respiratory illnesses and, in severe cases, can lead to paralysis and rarely death, mainly in children. There is currently no vaccine or antiviral for EV-D68. Here, we report the rational design of viral 2 C inhibitors for treating EV-D68 infection-induced paralysis in a neonatal mouse model. Viral 2 C protein is a multi-functional protein vital for viral replication. Structure-based drug design identifies Jun6504 showing potent and broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple strains of EV-D68, EV-A71, and CVB3, as well as favorable in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. In a neonatal mouse model of EV-D68 infection, Jun6504 significantly improves paralysis score and weight gain when administered immediately or 24 hours post-infection. Jun6504 also reduces viral titers in the spinal cord and the infected quadriceps muscle. Collectively, Jun6504 represents a promising candidate for further development as an EV-D68 antiviral.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61083-8
spellingShingle Kan Li
Michael J. Rudy
Yanmei Hu
Haozhou Tan
George Lambrinidis
Xiangmeng Wu
Kyriakos Georgiou
Bin Tan
Joshua Frost
Courtney Wilson
Penny Clarke
Antonios Kolocouris
Qing-yu Zhang
Kenneth L. Tyler
Jun Wang
A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis
Nature Communications
title A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis
title_full A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis
title_fullStr A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis
title_full_unstemmed A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis
title_short A rationally designed 2C inhibitor prevents enterovirus D68-infected mice from developing paralysis
title_sort rationally designed 2c inhibitor prevents enterovirus d68 infected mice from developing paralysis
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61083-8
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