Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds
Bartonellae are zoonotic pathogens with a broad range of reservoir hosts and vectors. To examine sylvatic <i>Bartonella</i> reservoirs, tissue samples of red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>, <i>n</i> = 114) and their associated deer keds (<i>Lipoptena cervi</...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Iva Hammerbauerová Eva Richtrová Kateřina Kybicová Petr Pajer Jan Votýpka |
| author_facet | Iva Hammerbauerová Eva Richtrová Kateřina Kybicová Petr Pajer Jan Votýpka |
| author_sort | Iva Hammerbauerová |
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| description | Bartonellae are zoonotic pathogens with a broad range of reservoir hosts and vectors. To examine sylvatic <i>Bartonella</i> reservoirs, tissue samples of red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>, <i>n</i> = 114) and their associated deer keds (<i>Lipoptena cervi</i>, <i>n</i> = 50; <i>L. fortisetosa</i>, <i>n</i> = 272) collected in the Czech Republic were tested for the presence of <i>Bartonella</i> using PCR at four loci (<i>gltA</i>, <i>rpoB</i>, <i>nuoG</i>, ITS); PCR sensitivity was increased significantly by using primers modified for the detection of wildlife-associated bartonellae. One-third of the deer and 70% of the deer keds were <i>Bartonella</i> positive; within the tested animal tissues, usually the spleen was positive. The most prevalent <i>Bartonella</i> represents an undescribed species related to isolates from Japanese sika deer and <i>L. fortisetosa</i>. Additionally, <i>B. schoenbuchensis</i> sensu lato and <i>B. bovis</i> were found, together making up 17 genotypes characterized by multi-locus sequence typing, all unique compared to previously published sequences. Nanopore sequencing of selected samples revealed an additional 14 unique <i>Bartonella</i> genotypes, with up to six genotypes co-infecting one deer, highlighting the diversity of ruminant <i>Bartonella</i>. The high COI variety of examined <i>L</i>. <i>cervi</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>fortisetosa</i> suggests <i>L</i>. <i>fortisetosa</i> in central Europe is not a homogenous invasive population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-15ea84a40514454e83df8f7b151a0856 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-15ea84a40514454e83df8f7b151a08562025-01-24T13:44:34ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-12-01141610.3390/pathogens14010006Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer KedsIva Hammerbauerová0Eva Richtrová1Kateřina Kybicová2Petr Pajer3Jan Votýpka4Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech RepublicNational Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 49/48, 100 00 Prague, Czech RepublicNational Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 49/48, 100 00 Prague, Czech RepublicMilitary Health Institute, Military Medical Agency, Tychonova 1, 160 01 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech RepublicBartonellae are zoonotic pathogens with a broad range of reservoir hosts and vectors. To examine sylvatic <i>Bartonella</i> reservoirs, tissue samples of red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>, <i>n</i> = 114) and their associated deer keds (<i>Lipoptena cervi</i>, <i>n</i> = 50; <i>L. fortisetosa</i>, <i>n</i> = 272) collected in the Czech Republic were tested for the presence of <i>Bartonella</i> using PCR at four loci (<i>gltA</i>, <i>rpoB</i>, <i>nuoG</i>, ITS); PCR sensitivity was increased significantly by using primers modified for the detection of wildlife-associated bartonellae. One-third of the deer and 70% of the deer keds were <i>Bartonella</i> positive; within the tested animal tissues, usually the spleen was positive. The most prevalent <i>Bartonella</i> represents an undescribed species related to isolates from Japanese sika deer and <i>L. fortisetosa</i>. Additionally, <i>B. schoenbuchensis</i> sensu lato and <i>B. bovis</i> were found, together making up 17 genotypes characterized by multi-locus sequence typing, all unique compared to previously published sequences. Nanopore sequencing of selected samples revealed an additional 14 unique <i>Bartonella</i> genotypes, with up to six genotypes co-infecting one deer, highlighting the diversity of ruminant <i>Bartonella</i>. The high COI variety of examined <i>L</i>. <i>cervi</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>fortisetosa</i> suggests <i>L</i>. <i>fortisetosa</i> in central Europe is not a homogenous invasive population.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/6<i>Bartonella</i>Lipoptenadeerzoonosis |
| spellingShingle | Iva Hammerbauerová Eva Richtrová Kateřina Kybicová Petr Pajer Jan Votýpka Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds Pathogens <i>Bartonella</i> Lipoptena deer zoonosis |
| title | Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds |
| title_full | Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds |
| title_fullStr | Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds |
| title_short | Diversity and Multiple Infections of <i>Bartonella</i> in Red Deer and Deer Keds |
| title_sort | diversity and multiple infections of i bartonella i in red deer and deer keds |
| topic | <i>Bartonella</i> Lipoptena deer zoonosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/6 |
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