Effective multimodal hate speech detection on Facebook hate memes dataset using incremental PCA, SMOTE, and adversarial learning

The proliferation of harmful information, such as hate speech and online harassment, has increased in recent years due to social media's explosive expansion. Using the Facebook Hate Meme Dataset (FBHM), we create a reliable model in this work for identifying multimodal hate speech on online pla...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Emmanuel Ludivin Tchuindjang Tchokote, Elie Fute Tagne
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Machine Learning with Applications
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827025000301
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