Spatial Epidemiology and Its Role in Prevention and Control of Swine Viral Disease

Spatial Epidemiology and Its Role in Prevention and Control of Swine Viral Disease

Spatial epidemiology offers a comprehensive framework for analyzing the spatial distribution and transmission of diseases, leveraging advanced technical tools and software, including Geographic Information Systems (GISs), remote sensing technology, statistical and mathematical software, and spatial...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Juan Qiu, Xiaodong Li, Huaiping Zhu, Fei Xiao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
spatial epidemiology
geographical distribution
risk identification
mapping
swine viral disease
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/19/2814
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Summary:Spatial epidemiology offers a comprehensive framework for analyzing the spatial distribution and transmission of diseases, leveraging advanced technical tools and software, including Geographic Information Systems (GISs), remote sensing technology, statistical and mathematical software, and spatial analysis tools. Despite its increasing application to swine viral diseases (SVDs), certain challenges arise from its interdisciplinary nature. To support novices, frontline veterinarians, and public health policymakers in navigating its complexities, we provide a comprehensive overview of the common applications of spatial epidemiology in SVD. These applications are classified into four categories based on their objectives: visualizing and elucidating spatiotemporal distribution patterns, identifying risk factors, risk mapping, and tracing the spatiotemporal evolution of pathogens. We further elucidate the technical methods, software, and considerations necessary to accomplish these objectives. Additionally, we address critical issues such as the ecological fallacy and hypothesis generation in geographic correlation analysis. Finally, we explore the future prospects of spatial epidemiology in SVD within the One Health framework, offering a valuable reference for researchers engaged in the spatial analysis of SVD and other epidemics.
ISSN:2076-2615

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