The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Objective: This review aims to summarize the association between insulin resistance (IR) and symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) while explaining how nutritional interventions, specifically ketogenic diets, help manage PCOS. Mechanism: The effect of IR on diagnostic criteria for PCOS is fir...
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IMR Press
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/CEOG/51/3/10.31083/j.ceog5103057 |
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| author | Leticia Ramírez-Martínez Cecilia Palafox-Gómez Leonardo M. Porchia Esther López-Bayghen |
| author_facet | Leticia Ramírez-Martínez Cecilia Palafox-Gómez Leonardo M. Porchia Esther López-Bayghen |
| author_sort | Leticia Ramírez-Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: This review aims to summarize the association between insulin resistance (IR) and symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) while explaining how nutritional interventions, specifically ketogenic diets, help manage PCOS. Mechanism: The effect of IR on diagnostic criteria for PCOS is first described, followed by how a standard diet exacerbates IR. Afterward, nutritional interventions, specifically for women with PCOS, are described. Findings in Brief: IR is associated with ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology, which leads to metabolic abnormalities and loss of fertility. Activation of the polyol pathway, advanced glycation end-product accumulation, and hexosamine flux by hyperglycemia and IR are involved in the PCOS phenotypes and reproduction alterations. IR affects oocytes, ovaries, and the endometrium among women with PCOS, leading to infertility. However, nutritional interventions, specifically ketogenic diets, were shown to lower serum cholesterol, triglycerides, androstenedione, testosterone and attenuate IR. At the same time, high-density lipoprotein increased, promoting menstrual regularity and, eventually, providing a better environment for in vitro fertilization. Conclusion: For women with PCOS, managing IR is essential for managing their symptoms and improving fertility. Resolving glucotoxicity caused by excessive dietary glucose with a ketogenic diet is crucial for the prevention and correction of the damage associated with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, contributing to fertility. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-15be81711eb14ed3b65da0ea73d529d9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0390-6663 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology |
| spelling | doaj-art-15be81711eb14ed3b65da0ea73d529d92025-08-20T03:54:24ZengIMR PressClinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology0390-66632024-03-015135710.31083/j.ceog5103057S0390-6663(24)02301-7The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary SyndromeLeticia Ramírez-Martínez0Cecilia Palafox-Gómez1Leonardo M. Porchia2Esther López-Bayghen3Departament of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), 07360 México City, MexicoDepartament of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), 07360 México City, MexicoIngenes, Infertility and Genetics, SC México, 05320 México City, MexicoDepartament of Toxicology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), 07360 México City, MexicoObjective: This review aims to summarize the association between insulin resistance (IR) and symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) while explaining how nutritional interventions, specifically ketogenic diets, help manage PCOS. Mechanism: The effect of IR on diagnostic criteria for PCOS is first described, followed by how a standard diet exacerbates IR. Afterward, nutritional interventions, specifically for women with PCOS, are described. Findings in Brief: IR is associated with ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology, which leads to metabolic abnormalities and loss of fertility. Activation of the polyol pathway, advanced glycation end-product accumulation, and hexosamine flux by hyperglycemia and IR are involved in the PCOS phenotypes and reproduction alterations. IR affects oocytes, ovaries, and the endometrium among women with PCOS, leading to infertility. However, nutritional interventions, specifically ketogenic diets, were shown to lower serum cholesterol, triglycerides, androstenedione, testosterone and attenuate IR. At the same time, high-density lipoprotein increased, promoting menstrual regularity and, eventually, providing a better environment for in vitro fertilization. Conclusion: For women with PCOS, managing IR is essential for managing their symptoms and improving fertility. Resolving glucotoxicity caused by excessive dietary glucose with a ketogenic diet is crucial for the prevention and correction of the damage associated with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, contributing to fertility.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/CEOG/51/3/10.31083/j.ceog5103057diet interventionfertilityinsulin resistancehyperinsulinemiapcos |
| spellingShingle | Leticia Ramírez-Martínez Cecilia Palafox-Gómez Leonardo M. Porchia Esther López-Bayghen The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology diet intervention fertility insulin resistance hyperinsulinemia pcos |
| title | The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome |
| title_full | The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome |
| title_fullStr | The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome |
| title_short | The Potential for Ketogenic Diets to Control Glucotoxicity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Insulin Resistance to Improve Fertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome |
| title_sort | potential for ketogenic diets to control glucotoxicity hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance to improve fertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| topic | diet intervention fertility insulin resistance hyperinsulinemia pcos |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/CEOG/51/3/10.31083/j.ceog5103057 |
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