Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat

Background: Numerous studies have documented the existence of an additional vascular system in mammals: the primo vascular system (PVS), consisting of primo vessels (PVs) and primo nodes. Methods: The PVS was investigated in five Sprague-Dawley rats. The dye Alcian blue was injected into the lymph n...

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Main Authors: Felix Scholkmann, Yiming Shen, Pan-Dong Ryu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Translational Research in Anatomy
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X25000214
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author Felix Scholkmann
Yiming Shen
Pan-Dong Ryu
author_facet Felix Scholkmann
Yiming Shen
Pan-Dong Ryu
author_sort Felix Scholkmann
collection DOAJ
description Background: Numerous studies have documented the existence of an additional vascular system in mammals: the primo vascular system (PVS), consisting of primo vessels (PVs) and primo nodes. Methods: The PVS was investigated in five Sprague-Dawley rats. The dye Alcian blue was injected into the lymph node near the lumbar spine (lumbar lymph node) in one rat to stain the lymphatic tissue to determine whether the lymphatic vessels (LVs) contained PVs. Results: A PV (diameter: ∼30–50 μm) inside a LV (diameter: ∼120–200 μm) was identified near the inferior vena cava. Microscopy images of this specimen are shown in this report and analysed. A reference is given to a detailed guide on how to find, extract and analyse the PVs within the LVs of rats. Conclusions: The case report documents a PV inside an LV and shows that LVs can contain a secondary vessel that could be identified as a PV and part of the PVS.
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publisher Elsevier
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series Translational Research in Anatomy
spelling doaj-art-15a89f75cb4f483b8ca4ee6253ba01132025-08-20T03:12:31ZengElsevierTranslational Research in Anatomy2214-854X2025-06-013910040210.1016/j.tria.2025.100402Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley ratFelix Scholkmann0Yiming Shen1Pan-Dong Ryu2Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Corresponding author.Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Section on Neural Circuits, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USADepartment of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaBackground: Numerous studies have documented the existence of an additional vascular system in mammals: the primo vascular system (PVS), consisting of primo vessels (PVs) and primo nodes. Methods: The PVS was investigated in five Sprague-Dawley rats. The dye Alcian blue was injected into the lymph node near the lumbar spine (lumbar lymph node) in one rat to stain the lymphatic tissue to determine whether the lymphatic vessels (LVs) contained PVs. Results: A PV (diameter: ∼30–50 μm) inside a LV (diameter: ∼120–200 μm) was identified near the inferior vena cava. Microscopy images of this specimen are shown in this report and analysed. A reference is given to a detailed guide on how to find, extract and analyse the PVs within the LVs of rats. Conclusions: The case report documents a PV inside an LV and shows that LVs can contain a secondary vessel that could be identified as a PV and part of the PVS.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X25000214Primo vascular systemPrimo vesselLymphatic systemLymphatics
spellingShingle Felix Scholkmann
Yiming Shen
Pan-Dong Ryu
Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat
Translational Research in Anatomy
Primo vascular system
Primo vessel
Lymphatic system
Lymphatics
title Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat
title_full Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat
title_fullStr Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat
title_full_unstemmed Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat
title_short Microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a Sprague-Dawley rat
title_sort microscopic analysis of a primo vessel within a lymphatic vessel in a sprague dawley rat
topic Primo vascular system
Primo vessel
Lymphatic system
Lymphatics
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X25000214
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AT yimingshen microscopicanalysisofaprimovesselwithinalymphaticvesselinaspraguedawleyrat
AT pandongryu microscopicanalysisofaprimovesselwithinalymphaticvesselinaspraguedawleyrat