Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease

Introduction: The manifestations of diabetes mellitus in the kidney can be in the form of diabetic nephropathy (DN), nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD), and DN with overlapping NDKD features. We conducted this study to examine the incidence of DN in kidney biopsies done in diabetic patients to diagno...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ramprasath Rajan, S. Murugesh Anand, Ramasubramanian Viswanathan, Kannan Bhaba Velu, P. K. Senthil Kumar, P. Shankar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-10-01
Series:Indian Journal of Kidney Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijkd.ijkd_16_24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850214164765605888
author Ramprasath Rajan
S. Murugesh Anand
Ramasubramanian Viswanathan
Kannan Bhaba Velu
P. K. Senthil Kumar
P. Shankar
author_facet Ramprasath Rajan
S. Murugesh Anand
Ramasubramanian Viswanathan
Kannan Bhaba Velu
P. K. Senthil Kumar
P. Shankar
author_sort Ramprasath Rajan
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The manifestations of diabetes mellitus in the kidney can be in the form of diabetic nephropathy (DN), nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD), and DN with overlapping NDKD features. We conducted this study to examine the incidence of DN in kidney biopsies done in diabetic patients to diagnose NDKD. Materials and Methods: This study was an ambispective study done in a tertiary medical college hospital. Data were collected from all type 2 diabetic patients who underwent kidney biopsy. Clinical, histopathological, and laboratory parameters were compared between the three groups (DN, NDKD, and DN with overlapping NDKD features). Results: Of the 82 diabetic patients who underwent kidney biopsy, the incidence of DN, NDKD, and NDKD with DN was 30.2%, 39.6%, and 30.2%, respectively. Rapidly progressive renal failure was the common indication for the biopsy. In patients with only DN, the common indication for biopsy was rapid worsening of proteinuria. Acute tubular injury and infection-related glomerulonephritis were the common NDKD in patients with overlapping DN. Diabetic retinopathy was noted in 63.2% of the patients with DN. 77.7% of the patients with macrovascular complications had only DN. On histological analysis, the patients with only DN had higher grades of tubulointerstitial and vascular changes which could explain their atypical presentation. Conclusion: In this study, with clinically indicated biopsies, the incidence of patients with only DN is significant (30.2%). Scrutiny of histopathological findings such as a correlation between glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions will broaden the understanding of varied clinical presentations of DN which will help in clinical decision-making, individualize interventions, and optimize the care of these patients.
format Article
id doaj-art-159fff46043f4e4e91837dd662a95255
institution OA Journals
issn 2950-0761
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Indian Journal of Kidney Diseases
spelling doaj-art-159fff46043f4e4e91837dd662a952552025-08-20T02:08:58ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Kidney Diseases2950-07612024-10-013412012510.4103/ijkd.ijkd_16_24Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney DiseaseRamprasath RajanS. Murugesh AnandRamasubramanian ViswanathanKannan Bhaba VeluP. K. Senthil KumarP. ShankarIntroduction: The manifestations of diabetes mellitus in the kidney can be in the form of diabetic nephropathy (DN), nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD), and DN with overlapping NDKD features. We conducted this study to examine the incidence of DN in kidney biopsies done in diabetic patients to diagnose NDKD. Materials and Methods: This study was an ambispective study done in a tertiary medical college hospital. Data were collected from all type 2 diabetic patients who underwent kidney biopsy. Clinical, histopathological, and laboratory parameters were compared between the three groups (DN, NDKD, and DN with overlapping NDKD features). Results: Of the 82 diabetic patients who underwent kidney biopsy, the incidence of DN, NDKD, and NDKD with DN was 30.2%, 39.6%, and 30.2%, respectively. Rapidly progressive renal failure was the common indication for the biopsy. In patients with only DN, the common indication for biopsy was rapid worsening of proteinuria. Acute tubular injury and infection-related glomerulonephritis were the common NDKD in patients with overlapping DN. Diabetic retinopathy was noted in 63.2% of the patients with DN. 77.7% of the patients with macrovascular complications had only DN. On histological analysis, the patients with only DN had higher grades of tubulointerstitial and vascular changes which could explain their atypical presentation. Conclusion: In this study, with clinically indicated biopsies, the incidence of patients with only DN is significant (30.2%). Scrutiny of histopathological findings such as a correlation between glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions will broaden the understanding of varied clinical presentations of DN which will help in clinical decision-making, individualize interventions, and optimize the care of these patients.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijkd.ijkd_16_24clinically indicated biopsyclinical and histopathological correlationdiabetes mellitusdiabetic nephropathydiabetic kidney diseasenondiabetic kidney disease
spellingShingle Ramprasath Rajan
S. Murugesh Anand
Ramasubramanian Viswanathan
Kannan Bhaba Velu
P. K. Senthil Kumar
P. Shankar
Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
Indian Journal of Kidney Diseases
clinically indicated biopsy
clinical and histopathological correlation
diabetes mellitus
diabetic nephropathy
diabetic kidney disease
nondiabetic kidney disease
title Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
title_full Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
title_fullStr Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
title_full_unstemmed Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
title_short Clinically Indicated Renal Biopsy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – It Is Not Always Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
title_sort clinically indicated renal biopsy in type 2 diabetes mellitus it is not always nondiabetic kidney disease
topic clinically indicated biopsy
clinical and histopathological correlation
diabetes mellitus
diabetic nephropathy
diabetic kidney disease
nondiabetic kidney disease
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijkd.ijkd_16_24
work_keys_str_mv AT ramprasathrajan clinicallyindicatedrenalbiopsyintype2diabetesmellitusitisnotalwaysnondiabetickidneydisease
AT smurugeshanand clinicallyindicatedrenalbiopsyintype2diabetesmellitusitisnotalwaysnondiabetickidneydisease
AT ramasubramanianviswanathan clinicallyindicatedrenalbiopsyintype2diabetesmellitusitisnotalwaysnondiabetickidneydisease
AT kannanbhabavelu clinicallyindicatedrenalbiopsyintype2diabetesmellitusitisnotalwaysnondiabetickidneydisease
AT pksenthilkumar clinicallyindicatedrenalbiopsyintype2diabetesmellitusitisnotalwaysnondiabetickidneydisease
AT pshankar clinicallyindicatedrenalbiopsyintype2diabetesmellitusitisnotalwaysnondiabetickidneydisease