Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression

IntroductionUp to 50% of individuals fail to respond to current depression treatments. Repetitive negative thought and default mode network hyperconnectivity are central in depression and can potentially be targeted using novel neuromodulation techniques. This community-based study assessed whether...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jessica N. Schachtner, Jacob F. Dahill-Fuchel, Katja E. Allen, Christopher R. Bawiec, Peter J. Hollender, Sarah B. Ornellas, Soren D. Konecky, Achal S. Achrol, John J. B. Allen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychiatry
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1451828/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849735654030704640
author Jessica N. Schachtner
Jacob F. Dahill-Fuchel
Katja E. Allen
Christopher R. Bawiec
Peter J. Hollender
Sarah B. Ornellas
Soren D. Konecky
Achal S. Achrol
John J. B. Allen
author_facet Jessica N. Schachtner
Jacob F. Dahill-Fuchel
Katja E. Allen
Christopher R. Bawiec
Peter J. Hollender
Sarah B. Ornellas
Soren D. Konecky
Achal S. Achrol
John J. B. Allen
author_sort Jessica N. Schachtner
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionUp to 50% of individuals fail to respond to current depression treatments. Repetitive negative thought and default mode network hyperconnectivity are central in depression and can potentially be targeted using novel neuromodulation techniques. This community-based study assessed whether a treatment using non-invasive transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network can decrease depression symptoms and repetitive negative thought, and improve quality of life.MethodsStudy recruitment began in August 2023 and ended in February 2024. Twenty individuals aged 18 – 50 were enrolled from among 247 screened. Exclusion criteria included history of psychosis/mania, acute suicidality, MRI contraindications, pregnancy, and medical and neurological factors that may complicate diagnosis or brain function. Participants completed up to three weeks of transcranial ultrasound (11 sessions) targeting the anterior medial prefrontal cortex; ten minutes per session. Depression severity (Beck Depression Inventory – II and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), repetitive negative thought (Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire), and quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale) were outcomes.ResultsThis sample was young (mean 30.4 years ± 10.0), predominantly female (75%), with moderate to severe depression and high comorbidity. Fifty percent of participants endorsed current psychiatric medication use. Ten percent of subjects dropped out of the study due to time constraints. Significant decreases in depression were observed over the course of treatment on self-report, 10.9 (p < 0.001, CI = -13.55, -7.92) and interview depression ratings, 4.2 (p < 0.001, CI = -5.85, -2.62), as well as significant decreases in repetitive negative thought, 8.4 (p <0.001, CI = -10.55, -6.03). Improvements in physical and psychological well-being were also observed over the course of treatment, 7.2 (p < 0.001, CI = 3.64, 10.63) and 11.2 (p < 0.001, CI = 7.79, 14.49), respectively, as well as improvements in environment satisfaction, 5.0 (p =0.001, CI = 2.24, 7.56). DiscussionNon-invasive transcranial focused ultrasound holds promise as a treatment for depression holds promise as a treatment for depression, however, future work including control arms is required to ascertain its causal role in depression.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06320028intr=Ultrasound&cond=depression&locStr=Arizona&country=United%20States&state=Arizona&rank=1, identifier NCT06320028.
format Article
id doaj-art-1596b448569c47dbae4f2c0e3368b56e
institution DOAJ
issn 1664-0640
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Psychiatry
spelling doaj-art-1596b448569c47dbae4f2c0e3368b56e2025-08-20T03:07:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-04-011610.3389/fpsyt.2025.14518281451828Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depressionJessica N. Schachtner0Jacob F. Dahill-Fuchel1Katja E. Allen2Christopher R. Bawiec3Peter J. Hollender4Sarah B. Ornellas5Soren D. Konecky6Achal S. Achrol7John J. B. Allen8Psychology Department, Psychophysiology Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United StatesPsychology Department, Psychophysiology Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United StatesPsychology Department, Psychophysiology Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United StatesOpenwater, San Francisco, CA, United StatesOpenwater, San Francisco, CA, United StatesOpenwater, San Francisco, CA, United StatesOpenwater, San Francisco, CA, United StatesOpenwater, San Francisco, CA, United StatesPsychology Department, Psychophysiology Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United StatesIntroductionUp to 50% of individuals fail to respond to current depression treatments. Repetitive negative thought and default mode network hyperconnectivity are central in depression and can potentially be targeted using novel neuromodulation techniques. This community-based study assessed whether a treatment using non-invasive transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network can decrease depression symptoms and repetitive negative thought, and improve quality of life.MethodsStudy recruitment began in August 2023 and ended in February 2024. Twenty individuals aged 18 – 50 were enrolled from among 247 screened. Exclusion criteria included history of psychosis/mania, acute suicidality, MRI contraindications, pregnancy, and medical and neurological factors that may complicate diagnosis or brain function. Participants completed up to three weeks of transcranial ultrasound (11 sessions) targeting the anterior medial prefrontal cortex; ten minutes per session. Depression severity (Beck Depression Inventory – II and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), repetitive negative thought (Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire), and quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale) were outcomes.ResultsThis sample was young (mean 30.4 years ± 10.0), predominantly female (75%), with moderate to severe depression and high comorbidity. Fifty percent of participants endorsed current psychiatric medication use. Ten percent of subjects dropped out of the study due to time constraints. Significant decreases in depression were observed over the course of treatment on self-report, 10.9 (p < 0.001, CI = -13.55, -7.92) and interview depression ratings, 4.2 (p < 0.001, CI = -5.85, -2.62), as well as significant decreases in repetitive negative thought, 8.4 (p <0.001, CI = -10.55, -6.03). Improvements in physical and psychological well-being were also observed over the course of treatment, 7.2 (p < 0.001, CI = 3.64, 10.63) and 11.2 (p < 0.001, CI = 7.79, 14.49), respectively, as well as improvements in environment satisfaction, 5.0 (p =0.001, CI = 2.24, 7.56). DiscussionNon-invasive transcranial focused ultrasound holds promise as a treatment for depression holds promise as a treatment for depression, however, future work including control arms is required to ascertain its causal role in depression.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06320028intr=Ultrasound&cond=depression&locStr=Arizona&country=United%20States&state=Arizona&rank=1, identifier NCT06320028.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1451828/fullmood disordertranscranial ultrasonic neuromodulationrepetitive negative thinking (RNT)depressiondefault mode network
spellingShingle Jessica N. Schachtner
Jacob F. Dahill-Fuchel
Katja E. Allen
Christopher R. Bawiec
Peter J. Hollender
Sarah B. Ornellas
Soren D. Konecky
Achal S. Achrol
John J. B. Allen
Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
Frontiers in Psychiatry
mood disorder
transcranial ultrasonic neuromodulation
repetitive negative thinking (RNT)
depression
default mode network
title Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
title_full Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
title_fullStr Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
title_full_unstemmed Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
title_short Transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
title_sort transcranial focused ultrasound targeting the default mode network for the treatment of depression
topic mood disorder
transcranial ultrasonic neuromodulation
repetitive negative thinking (RNT)
depression
default mode network
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1451828/full
work_keys_str_mv AT jessicanschachtner transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT jacobfdahillfuchel transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT katjaeallen transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT christopherrbawiec transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT peterjhollender transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT sarahbornellas transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT sorendkonecky transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT achalsachrol transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression
AT johnjballen transcranialfocusedultrasoundtargetingthedefaultmodenetworkforthetreatmentofdepression