Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties
This study aimed first to promote the alkylation of polyethyleneimine (PEI), developing its alkylated (quaternary) form (QA-PEI) by inserting alkyl groups into amine groups. Subsequently, polymer blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were prepared via solvent casting, and finally, the physico...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Budapest University of Technology and Economics
2025-02-01
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| Series: | eXPRESS Polymer Letters |
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| Online Access: | http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0013115&mi=cd |
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| author | Rafael Affonso Netto Guilherme Ribeiro de Carvalho Lucas Henrique Staffa Liliane Maria Ferrareso Lona |
| author_facet | Rafael Affonso Netto Guilherme Ribeiro de Carvalho Lucas Henrique Staffa Liliane Maria Ferrareso Lona |
| author_sort | Rafael Affonso Netto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed first to promote the alkylation of polyethyleneimine (PEI), developing its alkylated (quaternary) form (QA-PEI) by inserting alkyl groups into amine groups. Subsequently, polymer blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were prepared via solvent casting, and finally, the physicochemical, optical, and mechanical behavior of the resulting PMMA/QA-PEI were assessed. Elemental analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) confirmed that the PEI alkylation successfully converted the amine groups into quaternary ammonium groups. When added to PMMA, QA-PEI altered its coloration, making it yellow. In addition, higher contents of QA-PEI hindered PMMA transmittance and increased its opacity due to the larger QA-PEI domains. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that PMMA and QA-PEI formed a phase-separated system, establishing a droplet-matrix morphology. The thermal and mechanical behavior showed some compatibility between PMMA and QA-PEI as thermal resistance slightly improved and PMMA glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased. The tensile strength was also improved in the PMMA/QA-PEI blends without significant change in strain at break and tensile modulus. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-157f1a410fcf45f2ba85f47fc02e1a28 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1788-618X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Budapest University of Technology and Economics |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eXPRESS Polymer Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-157f1a410fcf45f2ba85f47fc02e1a282025-08-20T02:41:55ZengBudapest University of Technology and EconomicseXPRESS Polymer Letters1788-618X2025-02-0119216117510.3144/expresspolymlett.2025.12Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical propertiesRafael Affonso NettoGuilherme Ribeiro de CarvalhoLucas Henrique StaffaLiliane Maria Ferrareso LonaThis study aimed first to promote the alkylation of polyethyleneimine (PEI), developing its alkylated (quaternary) form (QA-PEI) by inserting alkyl groups into amine groups. Subsequently, polymer blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were prepared via solvent casting, and finally, the physicochemical, optical, and mechanical behavior of the resulting PMMA/QA-PEI were assessed. Elemental analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) confirmed that the PEI alkylation successfully converted the amine groups into quaternary ammonium groups. When added to PMMA, QA-PEI altered its coloration, making it yellow. In addition, higher contents of QA-PEI hindered PMMA transmittance and increased its opacity due to the larger QA-PEI domains. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that PMMA and QA-PEI formed a phase-separated system, establishing a droplet-matrix morphology. The thermal and mechanical behavior showed some compatibility between PMMA and QA-PEI as thermal resistance slightly improved and PMMA glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased. The tensile strength was also improved in the PMMA/QA-PEI blends without significant change in strain at break and tensile modulus.http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0013115&mi=cdblends film morphology surface property functional polymer |
| spellingShingle | Rafael Affonso Netto Guilherme Ribeiro de Carvalho Lucas Henrique Staffa Liliane Maria Ferrareso Lona Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties eXPRESS Polymer Letters blends film morphology surface property functional polymer |
| title | Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties |
| title_full | Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties |
| title_fullStr | Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties |
| title_short | Poly(methyl methacrylate) blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine: A study of morphology, optical, thermal and mechanical properties |
| title_sort | poly methyl methacrylate blends with quaternized polyethyleneimine a study of morphology optical thermal and mechanical properties |
| topic | blends film morphology surface property functional polymer |
| url | http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0013115&mi=cd |
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