Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically

Abstract Background Non-surgical method is a treatment option for mandibular condylar fracture; however, it is questionable whether bone fragments are adequately reduced and remodeled. The purpose of this study was to identify three-dimensional positional changes in the mandibular condyles in patien...

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Main Authors: Jihye Lim, Woomin Jo, Hyelynn Jeon, Seung Il Song, Jeong Keun Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-12-01
Series:Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-024-00454-5
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author Jihye Lim
Woomin Jo
Hyelynn Jeon
Seung Il Song
Jeong Keun Lee
author_facet Jihye Lim
Woomin Jo
Hyelynn Jeon
Seung Il Song
Jeong Keun Lee
author_sort Jihye Lim
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Non-surgical method is a treatment option for mandibular condylar fracture; however, it is questionable whether bone fragments are adequately reduced and remodeled. The purpose of this study was to identify three-dimensional positional changes in the mandibular condyles in patients treated non-surgically, analyze factors influencing the extent of positional changes, and evaluate clinical prognosis. Methods This retrospective study included 31 patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures treated non-surgically at the Ajou University Dental Hospital between 2005 and 2023. Computed tomography was performed at the time of the fracture (T 0) and > 6 months after non-surgical treatment (T 1). The extent of recovery of the highest point of the condyle head was measured in three-dimensional x-, y-, and z-axes. At the last follow-up > 6 months after remodeling (T 1), the prognosis was evaluated by clinical examination of mouth opening limitation, malocclusion, deviation on opening, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), and facial asymmetry. Results Position differences were statistically significant between T 0 and T 1 (paired Student’s t-test, P < 0.05), and between the x-, y-, and z-axes (Welch’s ANOVA, P < 0.05). The degree of positional recovery in the superior and lateral directions showed a statistically significant negative correlation with age (Pearson’s correlation analysis, P < 0.05). The average amount of recovery between two age groups of over and under 19 years old was statistically significant (independent t-test, P < 0.05). Complications included TMD (6.4%), malocclusion (3.2%) and facial asymmetry (3.2%). Conclusion After non-surgical treatment, the condyle head of the fractured mandible recovered significantly laterally and superiorly in under 19-year-olds. The functional prognosis was favorable in all age groups. Non-surgical treatment can be an applicable treatment option for patients with mandibular condylar fractures.
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spelling doaj-art-14dd823f956b44a3bfb8bc55084f01a92025-08-20T02:43:35ZengSpringerOpenMaxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2288-85862024-12-014611910.1186/s40902-024-00454-5Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgicallyJihye Lim0Woomin Jo1Hyelynn Jeon2Seung Il Song3Jeong Keun Lee4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of MedicineDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of MedicineOffice of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical CenterDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of MedicineDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of MedicineAbstract Background Non-surgical method is a treatment option for mandibular condylar fracture; however, it is questionable whether bone fragments are adequately reduced and remodeled. The purpose of this study was to identify three-dimensional positional changes in the mandibular condyles in patients treated non-surgically, analyze factors influencing the extent of positional changes, and evaluate clinical prognosis. Methods This retrospective study included 31 patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures treated non-surgically at the Ajou University Dental Hospital between 2005 and 2023. Computed tomography was performed at the time of the fracture (T 0) and > 6 months after non-surgical treatment (T 1). The extent of recovery of the highest point of the condyle head was measured in three-dimensional x-, y-, and z-axes. At the last follow-up > 6 months after remodeling (T 1), the prognosis was evaluated by clinical examination of mouth opening limitation, malocclusion, deviation on opening, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), and facial asymmetry. Results Position differences were statistically significant between T 0 and T 1 (paired Student’s t-test, P < 0.05), and between the x-, y-, and z-axes (Welch’s ANOVA, P < 0.05). The degree of positional recovery in the superior and lateral directions showed a statistically significant negative correlation with age (Pearson’s correlation analysis, P < 0.05). The average amount of recovery between two age groups of over and under 19 years old was statistically significant (independent t-test, P < 0.05). Complications included TMD (6.4%), malocclusion (3.2%) and facial asymmetry (3.2%). Conclusion After non-surgical treatment, the condyle head of the fractured mandible recovered significantly laterally and superiorly in under 19-year-olds. The functional prognosis was favorable in all age groups. Non-surgical treatment can be an applicable treatment option for patients with mandibular condylar fractures.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-024-00454-5Mandibular condylar fractureNon-surgical treatmentPositional recoveryPrognosis
spellingShingle Jihye Lim
Woomin Jo
Hyelynn Jeon
Seung Il Song
Jeong Keun Lee
Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically
Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Mandibular condylar fracture
Non-surgical treatment
Positional recovery
Prognosis
title Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically
title_full Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically
title_fullStr Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically
title_full_unstemmed Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically
title_short Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically
title_sort condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non surgically
topic Mandibular condylar fracture
Non-surgical treatment
Positional recovery
Prognosis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-024-00454-5
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AT hyelynnjeon condylarpositionchangesandprognosisinpatientswithunilateralmandibularcondylarfracturetreatednonsurgically
AT seungilsong condylarpositionchangesandprognosisinpatientswithunilateralmandibularcondylarfracturetreatednonsurgically
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