When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases

Introduction: This review paper aims to emphasize how pulmonary embolism is a seriously life-threatening disease entity, point out risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic trails, treatment and prove that a diagnosis, specifically aimed at embolism is often not obvious in given clinical cases. Materia...

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Main Authors: Julia Kozakiewicz, Aleksandra Okońska, Kamil Kościelecki, Agnieszka Kalisz, Klaudia Mączewska, Iwona Skorulska, Patrycja Długozima, Aleksandra Głowacka, Weronika Grywińska, Paulina Grzeszczuk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2025-03-01
Series:Quality in Sport
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Online Access:https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/58909
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author Julia Kozakiewicz
Aleksandra Okońska
Kamil Kościelecki
Agnieszka Kalisz
Klaudia Mączewska
Iwona Skorulska
Patrycja Długozima
Aleksandra Głowacka
Weronika Grywińska
Paulina Grzeszczuk
author_facet Julia Kozakiewicz
Aleksandra Okońska
Kamil Kościelecki
Agnieszka Kalisz
Klaudia Mączewska
Iwona Skorulska
Patrycja Długozima
Aleksandra Głowacka
Weronika Grywińska
Paulina Grzeszczuk
author_sort Julia Kozakiewicz
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: This review paper aims to emphasize how pulmonary embolism is a seriously life-threatening disease entity, point out risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic trails, treatment and prove that a diagnosis, specifically aimed at embolism is often not obvious in given clinical cases. Materials and methods: A review of chosen literature in the PubMed database was conducted, using the following keywords: ,, pulmonary embolism”, ,,vein thrombosis’’, ,,thrombosis risk factors”, ,,anticoagulation”. Summary: Pulmonary embolism is a dangerous disease that can lead to serious complications and death, if not properly diagnosed and treated. Proper diagnosis is crucial, as symptoms can be uncharacteristic and embolism can occur in a variety of configurations. Prompt implementation of treatment, including the use of anticoagulants, as well as appropriate medical care, can significantly improve patients' prognosis. Conclusions: Lesser-known risk factors for pulmonary embolism include sepsis, urinary retention, hematologic, rheumatic and endocrine diseases, organ transplants, treatment with bone cement or tranexamic acid. It is important to conduct diagnostic testing for pulmonary embolism when characteristic symptoms occur and introduce appropriate therapy as well as thromboprophylaxis depending on the patient's risk and clinical condition.
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issn 2450-3118
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publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
record_format Article
series Quality in Sport
spelling doaj-art-14b6dc1f769042e7978bd720f93e17882025-08-20T01:57:39ZengNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńQuality in Sport2450-31182025-03-013910.12775/QS.2025.39.58909When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual casesJulia Kozakiewicz0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5435-3007Aleksandra Okońskahttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-9036-7150Kamil Kościelecki https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5516-7540Agnieszka Kaliszhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-2996-7691Klaudia Mączewskahttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-3426-6666Iwona Skorulskahttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-6326-2464Patrycja Długozimahttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-4513-2256Aleksandra Głowackahttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-9389-7731Weronika Grywińskahttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-8609-9626Paulina Grzeszczuk https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3522-1567University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok Introduction: This review paper aims to emphasize how pulmonary embolism is a seriously life-threatening disease entity, point out risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic trails, treatment and prove that a diagnosis, specifically aimed at embolism is often not obvious in given clinical cases. Materials and methods: A review of chosen literature in the PubMed database was conducted, using the following keywords: ,, pulmonary embolism”, ,,vein thrombosis’’, ,,thrombosis risk factors”, ,,anticoagulation”. Summary: Pulmonary embolism is a dangerous disease that can lead to serious complications and death, if not properly diagnosed and treated. Proper diagnosis is crucial, as symptoms can be uncharacteristic and embolism can occur in a variety of configurations. Prompt implementation of treatment, including the use of anticoagulants, as well as appropriate medical care, can significantly improve patients' prognosis. Conclusions: Lesser-known risk factors for pulmonary embolism include sepsis, urinary retention, hematologic, rheumatic and endocrine diseases, organ transplants, treatment with bone cement or tranexamic acid. It is important to conduct diagnostic testing for pulmonary embolism when characteristic symptoms occur and introduce appropriate therapy as well as thromboprophylaxis depending on the patient's risk and clinical condition. https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/58909pulmonary embolismvein thrombosisthrombosis risk factorsanticoagulation
spellingShingle Julia Kozakiewicz
Aleksandra Okońska
Kamil Kościelecki
Agnieszka Kalisz
Klaudia Mączewska
Iwona Skorulska
Patrycja Długozima
Aleksandra Głowacka
Weronika Grywińska
Paulina Grzeszczuk
When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
Quality in Sport
pulmonary embolism
vein thrombosis
thrombosis risk factors
anticoagulation
title When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
title_full When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
title_fullStr When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
title_full_unstemmed When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
title_short When pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis - pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
title_sort when pulmonary embolism is not an obvious diagnosis pathophysiology risk factors diagnosis treatment and a review of the most unusual cases
topic pulmonary embolism
vein thrombosis
thrombosis risk factors
anticoagulation
url https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/58909
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