Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, where antibiotic use is widespread but often unregulated. This nationwide cross-sectional study (2017–2020) analyzed data from 26 public and private laboratories across all divisions of the country. Standardized data on...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aninda Rahman, Mohammad Julhas Sujan, S. M. Shahriar Rizvi, Hridika Talukder Barua, Zakir Hossain Habib, Hurul Jannat, Piash Kumer Deb, Abul Hasnat, Soo Young Kwon, Ahmed Taha Aboushady, Adam Clark, John Stelling, Sanjay Gautam, Alina Shaw, Marianne Holm, Florian Marks, Nimesh Poudyal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Microbiology Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/6/122
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849425374598922240
author Aninda Rahman
Mohammad Julhas Sujan
S. M. Shahriar Rizvi
Hridika Talukder Barua
Zakir Hossain Habib
Hurul Jannat
Piash Kumer Deb
Abul Hasnat
Soo Young Kwon
Ahmed Taha Aboushady
Adam Clark
John Stelling
Sanjay Gautam
Alina Shaw
Marianne Holm
Florian Marks
Nimesh Poudyal
author_facet Aninda Rahman
Mohammad Julhas Sujan
S. M. Shahriar Rizvi
Hridika Talukder Barua
Zakir Hossain Habib
Hurul Jannat
Piash Kumer Deb
Abul Hasnat
Soo Young Kwon
Ahmed Taha Aboushady
Adam Clark
John Stelling
Sanjay Gautam
Alina Shaw
Marianne Holm
Florian Marks
Nimesh Poudyal
author_sort Aninda Rahman
collection DOAJ
description Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, where antibiotic use is widespread but often unregulated. This nationwide cross-sectional study (2017–2020) analyzed data from 26 public and private laboratories across all divisions of the country. Standardized data on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) were collected, curated, and analyzed using WHONET, QAAPT, and R software to assess resistance patterns in 232,329 bacterial isolates from various clinical specimens. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was the most common pathogen (32.5%), followed by <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. (15.5%) and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. (10.6%). Urine specimens comprised 50.3% of the tested samples, while blood and soft tissue/body fluids accounted for 12.1% and 24.8%, respectively. Patients aged 55 years and older represented the largest group (36.3%), highlighting their vulnerability to drug-resistant infections. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was alarmingly high in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (62.9% resistant to ceftriaxone), whereas carbapenem resistance remained relatively low (5.3% and 6.8% to imipenem and meropenem, respectively). <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. showed widespread resistance, though carbapenems remained relatively effective (imipenem resistance 20.3%, meropenem 21.7%). In contrast, <i>Salmonella</i> sp. remained largely sensitive to third-generation cephalosporins. However, 42% of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). This study underscores the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship, enhanced diagnostic capacity, and strengthened AMR surveillance to preserve treatment options in Bangladesh.
format Article
id doaj-art-146a4135a2ec4e4cae432746aac1bbc2
institution Kabale University
issn 2036-7481
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Microbiology Research
spelling doaj-art-146a4135a2ec4e4cae432746aac1bbc22025-08-20T03:29:48ZengMDPI AGMicrobiology Research2036-74812025-06-0116612210.3390/microbiolres16060122Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional StudyAninda Rahman0Mohammad Julhas Sujan1S. M. Shahriar Rizvi2Hridika Talukder Barua3Zakir Hossain Habib4Hurul Jannat5Piash Kumer Deb6Abul Hasnat7Soo Young Kwon8Ahmed Taha Aboushady9Adam Clark10John Stelling11Sanjay Gautam12Alina Shaw13Marianne Holm14Florian Marks15Nimesh Poudyal16Communicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaCommunicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshCommunicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshCommunicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaBrigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USABrigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USABrigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USAInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaPublic Health Surveillance Group, LLC, Princeton, NJ 08540, USAInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, where antibiotic use is widespread but often unregulated. This nationwide cross-sectional study (2017–2020) analyzed data from 26 public and private laboratories across all divisions of the country. Standardized data on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) were collected, curated, and analyzed using WHONET, QAAPT, and R software to assess resistance patterns in 232,329 bacterial isolates from various clinical specimens. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was the most common pathogen (32.5%), followed by <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. (15.5%) and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. (10.6%). Urine specimens comprised 50.3% of the tested samples, while blood and soft tissue/body fluids accounted for 12.1% and 24.8%, respectively. Patients aged 55 years and older represented the largest group (36.3%), highlighting their vulnerability to drug-resistant infections. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was alarmingly high in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (62.9% resistant to ceftriaxone), whereas carbapenem resistance remained relatively low (5.3% and 6.8% to imipenem and meropenem, respectively). <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. showed widespread resistance, though carbapenems remained relatively effective (imipenem resistance 20.3%, meropenem 21.7%). In contrast, <i>Salmonella</i> sp. remained largely sensitive to third-generation cephalosporins. However, 42% of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). This study underscores the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship, enhanced diagnostic capacity, and strengthened AMR surveillance to preserve treatment options in Bangladesh.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/6/122AMR surveillanceresistancepatternsantibiogramWHONETQAAPT
spellingShingle Aninda Rahman
Mohammad Julhas Sujan
S. M. Shahriar Rizvi
Hridika Talukder Barua
Zakir Hossain Habib
Hurul Jannat
Piash Kumer Deb
Abul Hasnat
Soo Young Kwon
Ahmed Taha Aboushady
Adam Clark
John Stelling
Sanjay Gautam
Alina Shaw
Marianne Holm
Florian Marks
Nimesh Poudyal
Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Microbiology Research
AMR surveillance
resistance
patterns
antibiogram
WHONET
QAAPT
title Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort patterns of antimicrobial resistance among major bacterial pathogens isolated from clinical samples in bangladesh 2017 2020 a nationwide cross sectional study
topic AMR surveillance
resistance
patterns
antibiogram
WHONET
QAAPT
url https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/6/122
work_keys_str_mv AT anindarahman patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT mohammadjulhassujan patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT smshahriarrizvi patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT hridikatalukderbarua patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT zakirhossainhabib patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT huruljannat patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT piashkumerdeb patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT abulhasnat patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT sooyoungkwon patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT ahmedtahaaboushady patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT adamclark patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT johnstelling patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT sanjaygautam patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT alinashaw patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT marianneholm patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT florianmarks patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy
AT nimeshpoudyal patternsofantimicrobialresistanceamongmajorbacterialpathogensisolatedfromclinicalsamplesinbangladesh20172020anationwidecrosssectionalstudy