Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, where antibiotic use is widespread but often unregulated. This nationwide cross-sectional study (2017–2020) analyzed data from 26 public and private laboratories across all divisions of the country. Standardized data on...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Aninda Rahman Mohammad Julhas Sujan S. M. Shahriar Rizvi Hridika Talukder Barua Zakir Hossain Habib Hurul Jannat Piash Kumer Deb Abul Hasnat Soo Young Kwon Ahmed Taha Aboushady Adam Clark John Stelling Sanjay Gautam Alina Shaw Marianne Holm Florian Marks Nimesh Poudyal |
| author_facet | Aninda Rahman Mohammad Julhas Sujan S. M. Shahriar Rizvi Hridika Talukder Barua Zakir Hossain Habib Hurul Jannat Piash Kumer Deb Abul Hasnat Soo Young Kwon Ahmed Taha Aboushady Adam Clark John Stelling Sanjay Gautam Alina Shaw Marianne Holm Florian Marks Nimesh Poudyal |
| author_sort | Aninda Rahman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, where antibiotic use is widespread but often unregulated. This nationwide cross-sectional study (2017–2020) analyzed data from 26 public and private laboratories across all divisions of the country. Standardized data on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) were collected, curated, and analyzed using WHONET, QAAPT, and R software to assess resistance patterns in 232,329 bacterial isolates from various clinical specimens. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was the most common pathogen (32.5%), followed by <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. (15.5%) and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. (10.6%). Urine specimens comprised 50.3% of the tested samples, while blood and soft tissue/body fluids accounted for 12.1% and 24.8%, respectively. Patients aged 55 years and older represented the largest group (36.3%), highlighting their vulnerability to drug-resistant infections. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was alarmingly high in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (62.9% resistant to ceftriaxone), whereas carbapenem resistance remained relatively low (5.3% and 6.8% to imipenem and meropenem, respectively). <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. showed widespread resistance, though carbapenems remained relatively effective (imipenem resistance 20.3%, meropenem 21.7%). In contrast, <i>Salmonella</i> sp. remained largely sensitive to third-generation cephalosporins. However, 42% of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). This study underscores the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship, enhanced diagnostic capacity, and strengthened AMR surveillance to preserve treatment options in Bangladesh. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-146a4135a2ec4e4cae432746aac1bbc2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2036-7481 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Microbiology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-146a4135a2ec4e4cae432746aac1bbc22025-08-20T03:29:48ZengMDPI AGMicrobiology Research2036-74812025-06-0116612210.3390/microbiolres16060122Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional StudyAninda Rahman0Mohammad Julhas Sujan1S. M. Shahriar Rizvi2Hridika Talukder Barua3Zakir Hossain Habib4Hurul Jannat5Piash Kumer Deb6Abul Hasnat7Soo Young Kwon8Ahmed Taha Aboushady9Adam Clark10John Stelling11Sanjay Gautam12Alina Shaw13Marianne Holm14Florian Marks15Nimesh Poudyal16Communicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaCommunicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshCommunicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshCommunicable Disease Control (CDC), Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka 1212, BangladeshInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaBrigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USABrigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USABrigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USAInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaPublic Health Surveillance Group, LLC, Princeton, NJ 08540, USAInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaInternational Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health issue in Bangladesh, where antibiotic use is widespread but often unregulated. This nationwide cross-sectional study (2017–2020) analyzed data from 26 public and private laboratories across all divisions of the country. Standardized data on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) were collected, curated, and analyzed using WHONET, QAAPT, and R software to assess resistance patterns in 232,329 bacterial isolates from various clinical specimens. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was the most common pathogen (32.5%), followed by <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. (15.5%) and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. (10.6%). Urine specimens comprised 50.3% of the tested samples, while blood and soft tissue/body fluids accounted for 12.1% and 24.8%, respectively. Patients aged 55 years and older represented the largest group (36.3%), highlighting their vulnerability to drug-resistant infections. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was alarmingly high in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (62.9% resistant to ceftriaxone), whereas carbapenem resistance remained relatively low (5.3% and 6.8% to imipenem and meropenem, respectively). <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. showed widespread resistance, though carbapenems remained relatively effective (imipenem resistance 20.3%, meropenem 21.7%). In contrast, <i>Salmonella</i> sp. remained largely sensitive to third-generation cephalosporins. However, 42% of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). This study underscores the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship, enhanced diagnostic capacity, and strengthened AMR surveillance to preserve treatment options in Bangladesh.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/6/122AMR surveillanceresistancepatternsantibiogramWHONETQAAPT |
| spellingShingle | Aninda Rahman Mohammad Julhas Sujan S. M. Shahriar Rizvi Hridika Talukder Barua Zakir Hossain Habib Hurul Jannat Piash Kumer Deb Abul Hasnat Soo Young Kwon Ahmed Taha Aboushady Adam Clark John Stelling Sanjay Gautam Alina Shaw Marianne Holm Florian Marks Nimesh Poudyal Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Microbiology Research AMR surveillance resistance patterns antibiogram WHONET QAAPT |
| title | Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples in Bangladesh (2017–2020): A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | patterns of antimicrobial resistance among major bacterial pathogens isolated from clinical samples in bangladesh 2017 2020 a nationwide cross sectional study |
| topic | AMR surveillance resistance patterns antibiogram WHONET QAAPT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/6/122 |
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