Integrating Agricultural Waste Recycling with Sustainable Feed Production: Microbial and Enzymatic Dynamics During <i>Pleurotus</i> Cultivation on Maize Straw
Improving the utilization of spent mushroom substrate and enhancing the digestibility of straw-based feed are critical for promoting environmental sustainability. However, the effects of replacing sawdust with straw in the cultivation of <i>Pleurotus</i> ostreatus—including changes in ph...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/5/1171 |
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| Summary: | Improving the utilization of spent mushroom substrate and enhancing the digestibility of straw-based feed are critical for promoting environmental sustainability. However, the effects of replacing sawdust with straw in the cultivation of <i>Pleurotus</i> ostreatus—including changes in physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and microbial community structure and function—remain unclear. In this study, corn straw was used as the substrate for <i>P. ostreatus</i> cultivation. Dynamic changes during the fermentation process were investigated through analyses of biological growth characteristics, physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and amplicon sequencing. The results indicated a significant increase in mushroom yield, with the M80% treatment group achieving a yield of 156.09 ± 7.15 g. The nutritional value of the fermented feed was markedly improved; after 50 days of fermentation, crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) contents increased by 5.42% and 0.79%, respectively, while acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents decreased by 18.5% and 22.3%, compared to day 0. Activities of cellulase, xylanase, and laccase were also elevated, contributing to more effective lignocellulose degradation. Furthermore, Illumina sequencing revealed shifts in bacterial and fungal metabolic pathways. The fungal community was dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with <i>Pleurotus</i> as the prevailing genus, while the bacterial community was mainly composed of antagonistic genera such as <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i>. These findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the role of microbial interactions during straw substrate fermentation in improving feed quality and increasing <i>P. ostreatus</i> yield. |
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| ISSN: | 2073-4395 |