413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species

Objectives/Goals: Our aim was to identify how the epithelial–mesenchymal transition shields heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack. Additionally, we endeavored to understand whether our findings were conserved in canine mammary tumors as a translational model for human breast tumors. Meth...

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Main Authors: Kimaya Bakhle, Shiney Chandraganti, Brian Feng, Brenda Ramos-Villanueva, Andrew Miller
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Clinical and Translational Science
Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2059866124010239/type/journal_article
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author Kimaya Bakhle
Shiney Chandraganti
Brian Feng
Brenda Ramos-Villanueva
Andrew Miller
author_facet Kimaya Bakhle
Shiney Chandraganti
Brian Feng
Brenda Ramos-Villanueva
Andrew Miller
author_sort Kimaya Bakhle
collection DOAJ
description Objectives/Goals: Our aim was to identify how the epithelial–mesenchymal transition shields heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack. Additionally, we endeavored to understand whether our findings were conserved in canine mammary tumors as a translational model for human breast tumors. Methods/Study Population: To understand interactions between quasi-mesenchymal (qM) tumor cells, epithelial (E) tumor cells, and immune cells within heterogeneous breast tumors, we utilized a preclinical mouse model established in our lab. In this system, we can precisely control the proportions of E and qM tumor cells within tumors and study what immune cells infiltrate these tumors in response, using flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining. Using this model, we have also established cell lines to study E and qM tumor cells in vitro. Finally, we used immunohistochemistry to label immune cells in canine mammary tumors and quantified the presence of these cells in relation to the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal cellular markers. Results/Anticipated Results: We observed that immune suppression within heterogeneous mammary tumors is driven by local, rather than systemic, effects of quasi-mesenchymal (qM) tumor cells. The presence of systemic qM-derived factors does not alter immune cell infiltration nor sensitivity to immunotherapy of epithelial (E) tumors. Furthermore, I found that the local activity of qM-derived factors within heterogeneous tumors induces immune-suppressive changes in surrounding E cells, which protects them against immune attack. Finally, I found that canine mammary tumors with higher proportions of qM tumor cells assemble an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment, highlighting the translational potential of our findings. Discussion/Significance of Impact: We identified that the epithelial–mesenchymal transition induces immune-suppressive changes in heterogeneous tumors. These findings may reveal novel therapeutic targets for treatment of refractory tumors. Our findings in canine tumors suggest that these mechanisms are conserved across species.
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spelling doaj-art-141d87f31ef74f2aafc7271eea22b0b12025-08-20T02:40:51ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Clinical and Translational Science2059-86612025-04-01912412510.1017/cts.2024.1023413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple speciesKimaya Bakhle0Shiney Chandraganti1Brian Feng2Brenda Ramos-Villanueva3Andrew Miller4Anushka Cornell UniversityDongre Cornell University College of Veterinary MedicineDongre Cornell University College of Veterinary MedicineDongre Cornell University College of Veterinary MedicineDongre Cornell University College of Veterinary MedicineObjectives/Goals: Our aim was to identify how the epithelial–mesenchymal transition shields heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack. Additionally, we endeavored to understand whether our findings were conserved in canine mammary tumors as a translational model for human breast tumors. Methods/Study Population: To understand interactions between quasi-mesenchymal (qM) tumor cells, epithelial (E) tumor cells, and immune cells within heterogeneous breast tumors, we utilized a preclinical mouse model established in our lab. In this system, we can precisely control the proportions of E and qM tumor cells within tumors and study what immune cells infiltrate these tumors in response, using flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining. Using this model, we have also established cell lines to study E and qM tumor cells in vitro. Finally, we used immunohistochemistry to label immune cells in canine mammary tumors and quantified the presence of these cells in relation to the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal cellular markers. Results/Anticipated Results: We observed that immune suppression within heterogeneous mammary tumors is driven by local, rather than systemic, effects of quasi-mesenchymal (qM) tumor cells. The presence of systemic qM-derived factors does not alter immune cell infiltration nor sensitivity to immunotherapy of epithelial (E) tumors. Furthermore, I found that the local activity of qM-derived factors within heterogeneous tumors induces immune-suppressive changes in surrounding E cells, which protects them against immune attack. Finally, I found that canine mammary tumors with higher proportions of qM tumor cells assemble an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment, highlighting the translational potential of our findings. Discussion/Significance of Impact: We identified that the epithelial–mesenchymal transition induces immune-suppressive changes in heterogeneous tumors. These findings may reveal novel therapeutic targets for treatment of refractory tumors. Our findings in canine tumors suggest that these mechanisms are conserved across species.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2059866124010239/type/journal_article
spellingShingle Kimaya Bakhle
Shiney Chandraganti
Brian Feng
Brenda Ramos-Villanueva
Andrew Miller
413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
Journal of Clinical and Translational Science
title 413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
title_full 413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
title_fullStr 413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
title_full_unstemmed 413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
title_short 413 The epithelial–mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
title_sort 413 the epithelial mesenchymal transition protects heterogeneous breast tumors against immune attack in multiple species
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2059866124010239/type/journal_article
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AT brianfeng 413theepithelialmesenchymaltransitionprotectsheterogeneousbreasttumorsagainstimmuneattackinmultiplespecies
AT brendaramosvillanueva 413theepithelialmesenchymaltransitionprotectsheterogeneousbreasttumorsagainstimmuneattackinmultiplespecies
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