Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets

Fifty-eight litters (16 from primiparous gilts and 42 from multiparous sows) were used, with a total number of 750 piglets involved in the study. Birth weight was stratified into three groups: low (<1.02 kg; LBW), normal (1.02–1.62 kg; NBW), and high (>1.62 kg; HBW). A creep feeding diet was o...

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Main Authors: María Romero, Ana Heras-Molina, María Muñoz, Luis Calvo, José Ignacio Morales, Ana Isabel Rodríguez, Rosa Escudero, Clemente López-Bote, Cristina Óvilo, Álvaro Olivares
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Animals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/253
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author María Romero
Ana Heras-Molina
María Muñoz
Luis Calvo
José Ignacio Morales
Ana Isabel Rodríguez
Rosa Escudero
Clemente López-Bote
Cristina Óvilo
Álvaro Olivares
author_facet María Romero
Ana Heras-Molina
María Muñoz
Luis Calvo
José Ignacio Morales
Ana Isabel Rodríguez
Rosa Escudero
Clemente López-Bote
Cristina Óvilo
Álvaro Olivares
author_sort María Romero
collection DOAJ
description Fifty-eight litters (16 from primiparous gilts and 42 from multiparous sows) were used, with a total number of 750 piglets involved in the study. Birth weight was stratified into three groups: low (<1.02 kg; LBW), normal (1.02–1.62 kg; NBW), and high (>1.62 kg; HBW). A creep feeding diet was offered to piglets in a creep feeder in 29 litters from day 7 until their weaning. Piglet mortality was recorded daily. Traceability was ensured up to the point of carcass splitting and subsequent meat analysis. Each carcass was eviscerated and weighed individually. Sixty-nine piglets were selected for the microbiome analysis (35 from the control group and 34 from the creep feeding group). Feces samples from the rectum were obtained at three time points (three days prior weaning, a week after weaning, and before the slaughtering of the pigs). Mortality during lactation was influenced by birth weight, with LBW piglets exhibiting a six-fold higher mortality rate than HBW. Creep feeding did not impact piglet mortality. Heavier piglets demonstrated greater weight gain when subjected to creep feeding, while the growth potential of lighter piglets was reduced. Variation in creep feeding consumption based on birth weight also affected microbiome composition, with high-birth-weight piglets displaying higher alpha diversity than low- and normal-birth-weight piglets seven days after lactation. Alpha diversity is indicative of gut health, with higher values suggesting greater stability and adaptability to different feed sources. In conclusion, the immediate impacts of creep feeding appear to be most prominent during lactation and potentially early postweaning. These short-term effects are modulated by birth weight, with HBW piglets demonstrating the greatest benefits from the implementation of creep-feeding practices.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2076-2615
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Animals
spelling doaj-art-13fc473adf9f464eafe93ffb915461052025-01-24T13:18:18ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115225310.3390/ani15020253Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling PigletsMaría Romero0Ana Heras-Molina1María Muñoz2Luis Calvo3José Ignacio Morales4Ana Isabel Rodríguez5Rosa Escudero6Clemente López-Bote7Cristina Óvilo8Álvaro Olivares9Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA, CSIC, Ctra Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, SpainIncarlopsa, Ctra. N-400, Km. 95.4, 16400 Castilla La Mancha, SpainCOPISO, Avda. de Valladolid, 105, 42005 Castilla y León, SpainIncarlopsa, Ctra. N-400, Km. 95.4, 16400 Castilla La Mancha, SpainDepartamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA, CSIC, Ctra Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainFifty-eight litters (16 from primiparous gilts and 42 from multiparous sows) were used, with a total number of 750 piglets involved in the study. Birth weight was stratified into three groups: low (<1.02 kg; LBW), normal (1.02–1.62 kg; NBW), and high (>1.62 kg; HBW). A creep feeding diet was offered to piglets in a creep feeder in 29 litters from day 7 until their weaning. Piglet mortality was recorded daily. Traceability was ensured up to the point of carcass splitting and subsequent meat analysis. Each carcass was eviscerated and weighed individually. Sixty-nine piglets were selected for the microbiome analysis (35 from the control group and 34 from the creep feeding group). Feces samples from the rectum were obtained at three time points (three days prior weaning, a week after weaning, and before the slaughtering of the pigs). Mortality during lactation was influenced by birth weight, with LBW piglets exhibiting a six-fold higher mortality rate than HBW. Creep feeding did not impact piglet mortality. Heavier piglets demonstrated greater weight gain when subjected to creep feeding, while the growth potential of lighter piglets was reduced. Variation in creep feeding consumption based on birth weight also affected microbiome composition, with high-birth-weight piglets displaying higher alpha diversity than low- and normal-birth-weight piglets seven days after lactation. Alpha diversity is indicative of gut health, with higher values suggesting greater stability and adaptability to different feed sources. In conclusion, the immediate impacts of creep feeding appear to be most prominent during lactation and potentially early postweaning. These short-term effects are modulated by birth weight, with HBW piglets demonstrating the greatest benefits from the implementation of creep-feeding practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/253pigletcreep feedingmicrobiomebirth weight
spellingShingle María Romero
Ana Heras-Molina
María Muñoz
Luis Calvo
José Ignacio Morales
Ana Isabel Rodríguez
Rosa Escudero
Clemente López-Bote
Cristina Óvilo
Álvaro Olivares
Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets
Animals
piglet
creep feeding
microbiome
birth weight
title Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets
title_full Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets
title_fullStr Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets
title_full_unstemmed Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets
title_short Short- But Not Long-Term Effects of Creep Feeding Provided to Suckling Piglets
title_sort short but not long term effects of creep feeding provided to suckling piglets
topic piglet
creep feeding
microbiome
birth weight
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/253
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