Differential effects of β-blockers nebivolol and metoprolol on mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense in angiotensin II-induced pathology in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts

Abstract Background Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by overactivation of angiotensin II (Ang II) are major contributors to the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study investigates the comparative effects of nebivolol, a third-generation β1-adrenergic blocker,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rukhsana Gul, Arwa Bazighifan, Shahid Nawaz, Assim A. Alfadda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-025-00970-8
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