A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran

Abstract Background The access to anti-cancer medications is influenced by policies formed via the convergence of various stakeholders. The aim of this study is to identify and analyse the stakeholders involved in formulating and implementing policies related to the accessibility of anti-cancer medi...

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Main Authors: Kamran Bagheri Lankarani, Leila Zarei, Esmaeil Alinezhad, Adel Sadeghdoost
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:Health Research Policy and Systems
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01274-9
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author Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Leila Zarei
Esmaeil Alinezhad
Adel Sadeghdoost
author_facet Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Leila Zarei
Esmaeil Alinezhad
Adel Sadeghdoost
author_sort Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The access to anti-cancer medications is influenced by policies formed via the convergence of various stakeholders. The aim of this study is to identify and analyse the stakeholders involved in formulating and implementing policies related to the accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran and their interactions that are relevant to the outcomes of these policies for the first time. Methods To achieve the objectives, a novel multistage social network analysis (SNA)-based approach that includes three phases is proposed. First, the actors were identified by a team consisting of multidisciplinary knowledgeable experts through 15 comprehensive interviews. Then, the influence relationships of these actors were comprehensively analysed through in-depth interviews with nine key informants involved in pharmaceutical policies through a structured questionnaire. Finally, a novel network of actors was determined accordingly, and a SNA-based approach proposed to reveal the intrinsic roles and various aspects of the importance of the network’s actors. Results The study identified a total of 45 actors, which were then classified into 4 categories on the basis of their public or private nature and their foreign or domestic origin. This established network helped in creating a comprehensive view of the main actors, and can help policymakers to solve the problems related to access to anti-cancer medications more effectively and prevent the creation of these problems in the future. In this way, the network identified specific actors that can benefit from increased attention and dialogue. The computational results revealed that the Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA), Pharmaceutical Importer Companies (PharIc) and Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies (PharMC) were highly important actors in terms of their connectivity to other actors. Additionally, law enforcement agencies (LEA) have shown limited effectiveness within this network. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of complex relationships among various actors and proposes a novel SNA-based approach to analyse them. Regarding the main steps of the proposed approach and the findings, it is imperative for pharmaceutical policy plans to involve a diverse group of experts from the beginning, prioritizing the preferences of stakeholders, and providing a patient-centred approach to prevent the worsening of resource shortages.
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spelling doaj-art-1336123deb044ec0b594965ef282098a2025-08-20T02:46:07ZengBMCHealth Research Policy and Systems1478-45052024-12-0122111610.1186/s12961-024-01274-9A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in IranKamran Bagheri Lankarani0Leila Zarei1Esmaeil Alinezhad2Adel Sadeghdoost3Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesPharmacoEconomics and Pharmaceutical Management, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIndustrial Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Shiraz University of TechnologyHealth Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background The access to anti-cancer medications is influenced by policies formed via the convergence of various stakeholders. The aim of this study is to identify and analyse the stakeholders involved in formulating and implementing policies related to the accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran and their interactions that are relevant to the outcomes of these policies for the first time. Methods To achieve the objectives, a novel multistage social network analysis (SNA)-based approach that includes three phases is proposed. First, the actors were identified by a team consisting of multidisciplinary knowledgeable experts through 15 comprehensive interviews. Then, the influence relationships of these actors were comprehensively analysed through in-depth interviews with nine key informants involved in pharmaceutical policies through a structured questionnaire. Finally, a novel network of actors was determined accordingly, and a SNA-based approach proposed to reveal the intrinsic roles and various aspects of the importance of the network’s actors. Results The study identified a total of 45 actors, which were then classified into 4 categories on the basis of their public or private nature and their foreign or domestic origin. This established network helped in creating a comprehensive view of the main actors, and can help policymakers to solve the problems related to access to anti-cancer medications more effectively and prevent the creation of these problems in the future. In this way, the network identified specific actors that can benefit from increased attention and dialogue. The computational results revealed that the Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA), Pharmaceutical Importer Companies (PharIc) and Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies (PharMC) were highly important actors in terms of their connectivity to other actors. Additionally, law enforcement agencies (LEA) have shown limited effectiveness within this network. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of complex relationships among various actors and proposes a novel SNA-based approach to analyse them. Regarding the main steps of the proposed approach and the findings, it is imperative for pharmaceutical policy plans to involve a diverse group of experts from the beginning, prioritizing the preferences of stakeholders, and providing a patient-centred approach to prevent the worsening of resource shortages.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01274-9Health policyAnti-cancer medicationsAccessibilityComplex systemsSocial network analysis
spellingShingle Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Leila Zarei
Esmaeil Alinezhad
Adel Sadeghdoost
A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran
Health Research Policy and Systems
Health policy
Anti-cancer medications
Accessibility
Complex systems
Social network analysis
title A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran
title_full A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran
title_fullStr A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran
title_full_unstemmed A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran
title_short A novel social-network-analysis-based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti-cancer medications in Iran
title_sort novel social network analysis based approach for analyzing complex network of actors involved in accessibility of anti cancer medications in iran
topic Health policy
Anti-cancer medications
Accessibility
Complex systems
Social network analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01274-9
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