Factors associated with hypertension among persons living with HIV in Mombasa County, Kenya
Introduction: Hypertension has been reported to be on the rise among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) with a global and highest recorded Kenya prevalence of 35% and 18% respectively in 2021. Identification of context-specific hypertension-associated factors among PLHIV is needed to design targeted in...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
African Field Epidemiology Network
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://afenet-journal.org/factors-associated-with-hypertension-among-persons-living-with-hiv-in-mombasa-county-kenya/ |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Hypertension has been reported to be on the rise among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) with a global and highest recorded Kenya prevalence of 35% and 18% respectively in 2021. Identification of context-specific hypertension-associated factors among PLHIV is needed to design targeted interventions. We sought to determine the factors associated with hypertension among PLHIV in Mombasa, Kenya.
Methods: A cross-sectional study using a standardized questionnaire was conducted among adult PLHIV in the Comprehensive Care Clinics in Mombasa County, Kenya from December 2021 to February 2022. Hypertension was defined as having two or more blood pressure readings of ≥140/90mmHg. Prevalence ratio (P.R), and Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (A.P.R) were calculated to determine the associated factors of hypertension.
Results: A total of 235 participants were enrolled with a mean age of 42.8±10.7 years. About 71% (167/235) of the patients were female, and the age group 35–44 years was at 35%. The prevalence of hypertension among PLHIV was 25%. Factors identified to be independently associated with hypertension were having a body mass index (BMI) 25–29.9 (A.P.R: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.30–4.42), BMI≥30 (A.P.R: 3.37 95% CI: 1.69–6.73) and use of tenofovir-based antiretroviral regimen (A.P.R: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.17–0.60).
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension among PLHIV in Mombasa was higher than previous recorded findings. One of the key risk factors for hypertension was having an elevated BMI. Weight monitoring and management as well as tenofovir-based therapy are recommended among PLHIV to reduce their risk of developing hypertension. |
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| ISSN: | 2664-2824 |