Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dominance over Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Irrespective of Immune Status: An Indian Scenario
Introduction: In HIV-associated tuberculosis cases, identifying nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) from clinical samples has become essential regarding patients’ treatment and prognosis. This study aims to determine the prevalence of different Mycobacteria species from immunocompromised and immun...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Pasteur Institute of Iran
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-415-en.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction: In HIV-associated tuberculosis cases, identifying
nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) from clinical samples has become
essential regarding patients’ treatment and prognosis. This study aims to
determine the prevalence of different Mycobacteria species from
immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with suspected
tuberculosis attending a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India. Methods:
Clinical samples from 112 suspected tuberculosis patients were examined by
direct microscopy after Ziehl–Neelsen staining. After culture in BacT/ALERT
3D mycobacterial culture system, identification of the causative agents was
performed using the GenoType MTCM system. Results: Culture positivity was
higher in immunocompromised patients than in immunocompetent in both
pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples. In smear-negative samples, culture
positivity in immunocompromised patients (50%) was much higher than in
immunocompetent patients (26.67%). Of 78 samples, four were NTMs
(5.13%), including 1 M. avium, 1 M. abscessus, and 2 M. fortuitum, and 74
were Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC). Two NTMs belonged to
immunocompromised patients and two to immunocompetent individuals. The
chance of Mycobacterial infection was higher in patients with a lower CD4
count. Both NTMs found in the immunocompromised group were from patients
with a CD4 count<100. Conclusion: The present study showed that the MTBC
is still the primary causative agent in pulmonary and extrapulmonary
tuberculosis in this part of India. |
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| ISSN: | 2345-5349 2345-5330 |