Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey
The nutritional value of honey is closely related to its components, which are highly influenced by the botanic origin. <i>C. pi. Shen</i> (<i>Codonopsis pilosula</i> (Franch.) var. modesta (<i>Nannf.</i>) L. T. Shen), a key plant in traditional Chinese medicine,...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Ningxin Qi Wen Zhao Chenghua Xue Lin Zhang Han Hu Yue Jin Xiaofeng Xue Rui Chen Jinzhen Zhang |
| author_facet | Ningxin Qi Wen Zhao Chenghua Xue Lin Zhang Han Hu Yue Jin Xiaofeng Xue Rui Chen Jinzhen Zhang |
| author_sort | Ningxin Qi |
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| description | The nutritional value of honey is closely related to its components, which are highly influenced by the botanic origin. <i>C. pi. Shen</i> (<i>Codonopsis pilosula</i> (Franch.) var. modesta (<i>Nannf.</i>) L. T. Shen), a key plant in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly produced in Gansu Province of China, has attracted much attention for its medicinal value. However, there are few reports about <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the contents of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities in <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey by colorimetric, UPLC-MS/MS, Ferric ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2-bisazo-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical capacity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging ability methods. In comparison with four other high-yield unifloral honeys in China (<i>Acacia</i> honey, linden honey, rape honey, and jujube honey), <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey demonstrated remarkable advantages. Specifically, the levels of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, and phenolic components of <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey were significantly pronounced, especially protocatechuic acid and kaempferol. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey was also excellent, which was attributed to its phenolic compounds, underscoring its potential biological value. This study is anticipated to serve as a reference for the identification, nutritional assessment, and functional advancement of <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-131247dddee34de98b63318b76707fa6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-131247dddee34de98b63318b76707fa62025-01-24T13:43:48ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130237010.3390/molecules30020370Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> HoneyNingxin Qi0Wen Zhao1Chenghua Xue2Lin Zhang3Han Hu4Yue Jin5Xiaofeng Xue6Rui Chen7Jinzhen Zhang8Bee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaThe nutritional value of honey is closely related to its components, which are highly influenced by the botanic origin. <i>C. pi. Shen</i> (<i>Codonopsis pilosula</i> (Franch.) var. modesta (<i>Nannf.</i>) L. T. Shen), a key plant in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly produced in Gansu Province of China, has attracted much attention for its medicinal value. However, there are few reports about <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the contents of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities in <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey by colorimetric, UPLC-MS/MS, Ferric ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2-bisazo-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical capacity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging ability methods. In comparison with four other high-yield unifloral honeys in China (<i>Acacia</i> honey, linden honey, rape honey, and jujube honey), <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey demonstrated remarkable advantages. Specifically, the levels of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, and phenolic components of <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey were significantly pronounced, especially protocatechuic acid and kaempferol. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey was also excellent, which was attributed to its phenolic compounds, underscoring its potential biological value. This study is anticipated to serve as a reference for the identification, nutritional assessment, and functional advancement of <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/370phenolic compoundantioxidant activities<i>C. pi. Shen</i> honeydifferent botanic origins |
| spellingShingle | Ningxin Qi Wen Zhao Chenghua Xue Lin Zhang Han Hu Yue Jin Xiaofeng Xue Rui Chen Jinzhen Zhang Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey Molecules phenolic compound antioxidant activities <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey different botanic origins |
| title | Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey |
| title_full | Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey |
| title_fullStr | Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey |
| title_short | Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese <i>C. pi. Shen</i> Honey |
| title_sort | phenolic acid and flavonoid content analysis with antioxidant activity assessment in chinese i c pi shen i honey |
| topic | phenolic compound antioxidant activities <i>C. pi. Shen</i> honey different botanic origins |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/370 |
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