Plant- vs. Animal-Based Protein Comparison in the Aging Process and its Role in Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care: A Narrative Review
The aging process is a multilayered biological phenomenon influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with dietary protein intake playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular integrity and overall health. Among dietary choices, the impact of plant- vs. animal-based protein consump...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Bali Journal of Anesthesiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4103/bjoa.bjoa_71_25 |
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| Summary: | The aging process is a multilayered biological phenomenon influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with dietary protein intake playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular integrity and overall health. Among dietary choices, the impact of plant- vs. animal-based protein consumption on aging and telomere length has gained increasing scientific interest. Telomere length serves as a biomarker of cellular aging, and emerging evidence suggests that dietary composition may influence its maintenance. Plant-based diets, particularly those rich in legumes, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and vegetables, have been associated with longer telomeres and a reduced rate of biological aging. These effects are believed to stem from plant-derived nutrients’ anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In contrast, excessive consumption of animal-based proteins, particularly red and processed meats, has been linked to telomere shortening, increased oxidative stress, and a higher prevalence of age-related diseases. Beyond aging, protein source selection is a critical factor in specialized medical settings, such as intensive care unit (ICU) nutrition therapy. Critically ill patients require adequate protein intake to support immune function, wound healing, and muscle preservation. While animal proteins have traditionally been preferred due to their high biological value and essential amino acid content, plant-based protein sources, when appropriately combined and supplemented, may serve as viable alternatives, reducing pro-inflammatory risks associated with critical illness. This review examines the comparative effects of plant- and animal-based protein diets on aging, telomere length, and ICU nutrition therapy, providing insights into optimizing dietary strategies for longevity and clinical recovery. |
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| ISSN: | 2549-2276 |