Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean

Abstract Diazotrophic dinitrogen (N2) fixation contributes ~76% to “new” nitrogen inputs to the sunlit open ocean, but environmental factors determining N2 fixation rates are not well constrained. Excess phosphate (phosphate–nitrate/16 > 0) and iron availability control N2 fixation rates in the e...

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Main Authors: Arvind Singh, Lennart T. Bach, Tim Fischer, Helena Hauss, Rainer Kiko, Allanah J. Paul, Paul Stange, Pieter Vandromme, Ulf Riebesell
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2017-07-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074218
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author Arvind Singh
Lennart T. Bach
Tim Fischer
Helena Hauss
Rainer Kiko
Allanah J. Paul
Paul Stange
Pieter Vandromme
Ulf Riebesell
author_facet Arvind Singh
Lennart T. Bach
Tim Fischer
Helena Hauss
Rainer Kiko
Allanah J. Paul
Paul Stange
Pieter Vandromme
Ulf Riebesell
author_sort Arvind Singh
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Diazotrophic dinitrogen (N2) fixation contributes ~76% to “new” nitrogen inputs to the sunlit open ocean, but environmental factors determining N2 fixation rates are not well constrained. Excess phosphate (phosphate–nitrate/16 > 0) and iron availability control N2 fixation rates in the eastern tropical North Atlantic (ETNA), but it remains an open question how excess phosphate is generated within or supplied to the phosphate‐depleted sunlit layer. Our observations in the ETNA region (8°N–15°N, 19°W–23°W) suggest that Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, the two ubiquitous non‐diazotrophic cyanobacteria with cellular N:P ratios higher than the Redfield ratio, create an environment of excess phosphate, which cannot be explained by diapycnal mixing, atmospheric, and riverine inputs. Thus, our results unveil a new biogeochemical niche construction mechanism by non‐diazotrophic cyanobacteria for their diazotrophic phylum group members (N2 fixers). Our observations may help to understand the prevalence of diazotrophy in low‐phosphate, oligotrophic regions.
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institution DOAJ
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language English
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series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-12e80750ebba4f2cb62a6e9c2ce2341b2025-08-20T03:10:28ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072017-07-0144136904691310.1002/2017GL074218Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic OceanArvind Singh0Lennart T. Bach1Tim Fischer2Helena Hauss3Rainer Kiko4Allanah J. Paul5Paul Stange6Pieter Vandromme7Ulf Riebesell8GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyAbstract Diazotrophic dinitrogen (N2) fixation contributes ~76% to “new” nitrogen inputs to the sunlit open ocean, but environmental factors determining N2 fixation rates are not well constrained. Excess phosphate (phosphate–nitrate/16 > 0) and iron availability control N2 fixation rates in the eastern tropical North Atlantic (ETNA), but it remains an open question how excess phosphate is generated within or supplied to the phosphate‐depleted sunlit layer. Our observations in the ETNA region (8°N–15°N, 19°W–23°W) suggest that Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, the two ubiquitous non‐diazotrophic cyanobacteria with cellular N:P ratios higher than the Redfield ratio, create an environment of excess phosphate, which cannot be explained by diapycnal mixing, atmospheric, and riverine inputs. Thus, our results unveil a new biogeochemical niche construction mechanism by non‐diazotrophic cyanobacteria for their diazotrophic phylum group members (N2 fixers). Our observations may help to understand the prevalence of diazotrophy in low‐phosphate, oligotrophic regions.https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074218environmental controlsecosystem engineeringProchlorococcusRedfield ratioSynechococcusTrichodesmium
spellingShingle Arvind Singh
Lennart T. Bach
Tim Fischer
Helena Hauss
Rainer Kiko
Allanah J. Paul
Paul Stange
Pieter Vandromme
Ulf Riebesell
Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean
Geophysical Research Letters
environmental controls
ecosystem engineering
Prochlorococcus
Redfield ratio
Synechococcus
Trichodesmium
title Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean
title_full Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean
title_fullStr Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean
title_full_unstemmed Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean
title_short Niche construction by non‐diazotrophs for N2 fixers in the eastern tropical North Atlantic Ocean
title_sort niche construction by non diazotrophs for n2 fixers in the eastern tropical north atlantic ocean
topic environmental controls
ecosystem engineering
Prochlorococcus
Redfield ratio
Synechococcus
Trichodesmium
url https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074218
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