Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview
Despite advancements in antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory treatments, inflammation and its repercussions continue to pose a considerable challenge in medicine. Acute inflammation may cause life-threatening conditions like septic shock, while chronic inflammation leads to tissue degeneration and im...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_25680_11779eb919f795002cf6740a613fcdea.pdf |
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| author | Priyanka Arya Vikram Sharma Priyanka Singh Surabhi Thapliyal Manu Sharma |
| author_facet | Priyanka Arya Vikram Sharma Priyanka Singh Surabhi Thapliyal Manu Sharma |
| author_sort | Priyanka Arya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite advancements in antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory treatments, inflammation and its repercussions continue to pose a considerable challenge in medicine. Acute inflammation may cause life-threatening conditions like septic shock, while chronic inflammation leads to tissue degeneration and impaired function. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a well-known pathogenic trigger contributing to several dysfunctions, is a crucial part of the outer membrane of gr-negative bacteria. LPS are well-known for eliciting acute inflammatory responses by activating a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), which stimulates the innate immune system and triggers local or systemic inflammatory responses. LPS also activate numerous intracellular molecules that modulate the expression of a wide range of inflammatory mediators. These mediators subsequently initiate or exacerbate various inflammatory processes. Beyond immune cells, LPS can also activate non-immune cells, leading to inflammatory reactions. These excessive inflammatory responses are often detrimental and typically result in chronic and progressive inflammatory diseases, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review delves into the mechanisms by which the bacterial endotoxin LPS contribute to multiple inflammatory diseases. These insights into LPS signaling pathways could inform the design of new treatment strategies such as TLR4, NLRP3, HMGA1, MAPK, and NF-kB inhibitors. This enables precise targeting of inflammation-related processes in disease management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-12dd093a9ca448f9a8dc02db77698bac |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2008-3866 2008-3874 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-12dd093a9ca448f9a8dc02db77698bac2025-08-20T03:35:48ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742025-05-0128555356410.22038/ijbms.2025.82302.1779925680Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overviewPriyanka Arya0Vikram Sharma1Priyanka Singh2Surabhi Thapliyal3Manu Sharma4Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, U.P., IndiaGalgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, U.P., IndiaBanasthali Vidyapith, Department of Pharmacy, Rajasthan, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, IndiaBanasthali Vidyapith, Department of Pharmacy, Rajasthan, IndiaDespite advancements in antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory treatments, inflammation and its repercussions continue to pose a considerable challenge in medicine. Acute inflammation may cause life-threatening conditions like septic shock, while chronic inflammation leads to tissue degeneration and impaired function. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a well-known pathogenic trigger contributing to several dysfunctions, is a crucial part of the outer membrane of gr-negative bacteria. LPS are well-known for eliciting acute inflammatory responses by activating a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), which stimulates the innate immune system and triggers local or systemic inflammatory responses. LPS also activate numerous intracellular molecules that modulate the expression of a wide range of inflammatory mediators. These mediators subsequently initiate or exacerbate various inflammatory processes. Beyond immune cells, LPS can also activate non-immune cells, leading to inflammatory reactions. These excessive inflammatory responses are often detrimental and typically result in chronic and progressive inflammatory diseases, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review delves into the mechanisms by which the bacterial endotoxin LPS contribute to multiple inflammatory diseases. These insights into LPS signaling pathways could inform the design of new treatment strategies such as TLR4, NLRP3, HMGA1, MAPK, and NF-kB inhibitors. This enables precise targeting of inflammation-related processes in disease management.https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_25680_11779eb919f795002cf6740a613fcdea.pdfalzheimer’satherosclerosiscancercardiovascular diseaseslipopolysaccharideneuroinflammationtoll-like receptors |
| spellingShingle | Priyanka Arya Vikram Sharma Priyanka Singh Surabhi Thapliyal Manu Sharma Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences alzheimer’s atherosclerosis cancer cardiovascular diseases lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation toll-like receptors |
| title | Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview |
| title_full | Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview |
| title_short | Bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases: An overview |
| title_sort | bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide role in inflammatory diseases an overview |
| topic | alzheimer’s atherosclerosis cancer cardiovascular diseases lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation toll-like receptors |
| url | https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_25680_11779eb919f795002cf6740a613fcdea.pdf |
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