The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study

BackgroundThe benefits of a fully integrated electronic medical record (EMR) system across primary and specialist care institutions have yet to be formally established. Integrating the EMR systems between primary and specialist care is the first step in building a medical nei...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kim Huat Goh, Adrian Yong Kwang Yeow, Le Wang, Hermione Poh, Hannah Jia Hui Ng, Gamaliel Tan, Soon Khai Wee, Er Luen Lim, Jared Louis Andre D’Souza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JMIR Publications 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Medical Internet Research
Online Access:https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e49363
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850156516250746880
author Kim Huat Goh
Adrian Yong Kwang Yeow
Le Wang
Hermione Poh
Hannah Jia Hui Ng
Gamaliel Tan
Soon Khai Wee
Er Luen Lim
Jared Louis Andre D’Souza
author_facet Kim Huat Goh
Adrian Yong Kwang Yeow
Le Wang
Hermione Poh
Hannah Jia Hui Ng
Gamaliel Tan
Soon Khai Wee
Er Luen Lim
Jared Louis Andre D’Souza
author_sort Kim Huat Goh
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundThe benefits of a fully integrated electronic medical record (EMR) system across primary and specialist care institutions have yet to be formally established. Integrating the EMR systems between primary and specialist care is the first step in building a medical neighborhood. A medical neighborhood is a set of policies and procedures implemented through integrated systems and processes that support the joint management of patient care across primary care physicians, specialist physicians, and other health care providers. ObjectiveThis study aims to quantify the impacts of integrating the EMR systems of primary and specialist care institutions in the process of developing a medical neighborhood. The impacts are operationalized in both quantitative and qualitative measures, measuring the benefits of such an integration in 3 specific areas, namely, patient diagnosis tracking, patient care management, and patient coordination. MethodsA comprehensive, mixed methods examination was conducted using 3 different data sources (EMR consultation data, clinician survey data, and in-depth interviews). The EMR data consist of patient encounters referred to a specialist clinic from 6 primary care providers before and after integrating the EMR system into the primary and specialist care institutions. We analyzed 25,404 specialist consultation referrals to the specialist clinics by the primary care partners for a 12-month period, during which the integration of the EMR system was conducted. A cohort empirical investigation was used to identify the quantitative impacts of the EMR integration, and a follow-up survey was conducted with the clinicians 18 months post integration. The clinicians’ perceptions of the integration were measured to triangulate the empirical observation from the patient encounters, and the postimplementation perception survey was analyzed to triangulate the empirical investigation of consultation instances of the earlier cohort. Concurrently, a total of 30 interviews were conducted between March 16, 2021, and July 28, 2021, with clinicians and operations staff to gather on-the-ground sentiments engendered by this integration, which further informed our quantitative findings. ResultsThe integration of EMR systems between primary and specialist care institutions was associated with benefits in patient diagnosis tracking, patient care management, and patient coordination. Specifically, it was found that the integration resulted in a decrease in wait time for specialist appointments of an average of 16.5 days (P<.001). Patients were also subjected to fewer repeated procedures and tests; the number of procedures (P=.006), radiographies (P=.02), and overall bill sizes (P=.004) all decreased by between 4.08% and 39.7%, resulting in reduced health care resource wastage while maintaining similar medical outcomes (P=.37). ConclusionsOur study’s results are among the first instances of empirical evidence to show that the integration and sharing of data between primary and specialist care institutions promote continuity in health care delivery and joint patient management in a medical neighborhood. The findings go beyond the traditional benefits of improved referral communication, as shown in prior literature.
format Article
id doaj-art-12c8b15164dc472f8cbd69c2dc7077cc
institution OA Journals
issn 1438-8871
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher JMIR Publications
record_format Article
series Journal of Medical Internet Research
spelling doaj-art-12c8b15164dc472f8cbd69c2dc7077cc2025-08-20T02:24:30ZengJMIR PublicationsJournal of Medical Internet Research1438-88712025-04-0127e4936310.2196/49363The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort StudyKim Huat Gohhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7327-0106Adrian Yong Kwang Yeowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-8540Le Wanghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0375-3177Hermione Pohhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-0840Hannah Jia Hui Nghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-647XGamaliel Tanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-2350Soon Khai Weehttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-9725-0953Er Luen Limhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8013-5567Jared Louis Andre D’Souzahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2415-7390 BackgroundThe benefits of a fully integrated electronic medical record (EMR) system across primary and specialist care institutions have yet to be formally established. Integrating the EMR systems between primary and specialist care is the first step in building a medical neighborhood. A medical neighborhood is a set of policies and procedures implemented through integrated systems and processes that support the joint management of patient care across primary care physicians, specialist physicians, and other health care providers. ObjectiveThis study aims to quantify the impacts of integrating the EMR systems of primary and specialist care institutions in the process of developing a medical neighborhood. The impacts are operationalized in both quantitative and qualitative measures, measuring the benefits of such an integration in 3 specific areas, namely, patient diagnosis tracking, patient care management, and patient coordination. MethodsA comprehensive, mixed methods examination was conducted using 3 different data sources (EMR consultation data, clinician survey data, and in-depth interviews). The EMR data consist of patient encounters referred to a specialist clinic from 6 primary care providers before and after integrating the EMR system into the primary and specialist care institutions. We analyzed 25,404 specialist consultation referrals to the specialist clinics by the primary care partners for a 12-month period, during which the integration of the EMR system was conducted. A cohort empirical investigation was used to identify the quantitative impacts of the EMR integration, and a follow-up survey was conducted with the clinicians 18 months post integration. The clinicians’ perceptions of the integration were measured to triangulate the empirical observation from the patient encounters, and the postimplementation perception survey was analyzed to triangulate the empirical investigation of consultation instances of the earlier cohort. Concurrently, a total of 30 interviews were conducted between March 16, 2021, and July 28, 2021, with clinicians and operations staff to gather on-the-ground sentiments engendered by this integration, which further informed our quantitative findings. ResultsThe integration of EMR systems between primary and specialist care institutions was associated with benefits in patient diagnosis tracking, patient care management, and patient coordination. Specifically, it was found that the integration resulted in a decrease in wait time for specialist appointments of an average of 16.5 days (P<.001). Patients were also subjected to fewer repeated procedures and tests; the number of procedures (P=.006), radiographies (P=.02), and overall bill sizes (P=.004) all decreased by between 4.08% and 39.7%, resulting in reduced health care resource wastage while maintaining similar medical outcomes (P=.37). ConclusionsOur study’s results are among the first instances of empirical evidence to show that the integration and sharing of data between primary and specialist care institutions promote continuity in health care delivery and joint patient management in a medical neighborhood. The findings go beyond the traditional benefits of improved referral communication, as shown in prior literature.https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e49363
spellingShingle Kim Huat Goh
Adrian Yong Kwang Yeow
Le Wang
Hermione Poh
Hannah Jia Hui Ng
Gamaliel Tan
Soon Khai Wee
Er Luen Lim
Jared Louis Andre D’Souza
The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study
Journal of Medical Internet Research
title The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study
title_full The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study
title_fullStr The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study
title_short The Benefits of Integrating Electronic Medical Record Systems Between Primary and Specialist Care Institutions: Mixed Methods Cohort Study
title_sort benefits of integrating electronic medical record systems between primary and specialist care institutions mixed methods cohort study
url https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e49363
work_keys_str_mv AT kimhuatgoh thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT adrianyongkwangyeow thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT lewang thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT hermionepoh thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT hannahjiahuing thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT gamalieltan thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT soonkhaiwee thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT erluenlim thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT jaredlouisandredsouza thebenefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT kimhuatgoh benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT adrianyongkwangyeow benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT lewang benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT hermionepoh benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT hannahjiahuing benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT gamalieltan benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT soonkhaiwee benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT erluenlim benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy
AT jaredlouisandredsouza benefitsofintegratingelectronicmedicalrecordsystemsbetweenprimaryandspecialistcareinstitutionsmixedmethodscohortstudy