Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study

BackgroundCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a major health threat globally. The newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM), which quantifies dietary quality associated with gut microbiota diversity, may influence the risk of CKM syndrome. Therefore, this study ex...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dan Long, Chenhan Mao, Haoyu An, Ying Zhu, Yin Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1594481/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850075512160911360
author Dan Long
Chenhan Mao
Haoyu An
Ying Zhu
Yin Xu
author_facet Dan Long
Chenhan Mao
Haoyu An
Ying Zhu
Yin Xu
author_sort Dan Long
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a major health threat globally. The newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM), which quantifies dietary quality associated with gut microbiota diversity, may influence the risk of CKM syndrome. Therefore, this study examined the correlation between DI-GM and the prevalence of CKM syndrome, aiming to provide insights for preventive innovation and tailored treatment methods.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 8,400 adults aged 20 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2018. The potential association between the DI-GM score and CKM syndrome was evaluated using univariable and multivariable weighted logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analyses.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 45.5 years, with 52.0% of the participants being male. A higher DI-GM score was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of CKM syndrome (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.92, p <  0.001). The RCS analysis further confirmed a linear relationship between DI-GM score and CKM syndrome (p for nonlinear = 0.194). Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated that sex potentially influenced the association between DI-GM and CKM syndrome (p for interaction = 0.004), with the protective effect being more pronounced among U. S. females.ConclusionDI-GM score exhibits an inverse correlation with the risk of CKM syndrome. Optimizing dietary patterns to improve DI-GM is associated with reduced risk of CKM syndrome.
format Article
id doaj-art-127acf528a944ebaaacc42ff36629de1
institution DOAJ
issn 2296-861X
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Nutrition
spelling doaj-art-127acf528a944ebaaacc42ff36629de12025-08-20T02:46:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-07-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15944811594481Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based studyDan Long0Chenhan Mao1Haoyu An2Ying Zhu3Yin Xu4Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, ChinaPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United KingdomDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, ChinaBackgroundCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a major health threat globally. The newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM), which quantifies dietary quality associated with gut microbiota diversity, may influence the risk of CKM syndrome. Therefore, this study examined the correlation between DI-GM and the prevalence of CKM syndrome, aiming to provide insights for preventive innovation and tailored treatment methods.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 8,400 adults aged 20 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2018. The potential association between the DI-GM score and CKM syndrome was evaluated using univariable and multivariable weighted logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analyses.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 45.5 years, with 52.0% of the participants being male. A higher DI-GM score was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of CKM syndrome (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.92, p <  0.001). The RCS analysis further confirmed a linear relationship between DI-GM score and CKM syndrome (p for nonlinear = 0.194). Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated that sex potentially influenced the association between DI-GM and CKM syndrome (p for interaction = 0.004), with the protective effect being more pronounced among U. S. females.ConclusionDI-GM score exhibits an inverse correlation with the risk of CKM syndrome. Optimizing dietary patterns to improve DI-GM is associated with reduced risk of CKM syndrome.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1594481/fulldietary index for gut microbiotacardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndromegut microbiota diversityNHANEScross-sectional study
spellingShingle Dan Long
Chenhan Mao
Haoyu An
Ying Zhu
Yin Xu
Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
Frontiers in Nutrition
dietary index for gut microbiota
cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome
gut microbiota diversity
NHANES
cross-sectional study
title Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
title_full Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
title_fullStr Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
title_full_unstemmed Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
title_short Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
title_sort association between dietary index for gut microbiota and cardiovascular kidney metabolic syndrome a population based study
topic dietary index for gut microbiota
cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome
gut microbiota diversity
NHANES
cross-sectional study
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1594481/full
work_keys_str_mv AT danlong associationbetweendietaryindexforgutmicrobiotaandcardiovascularkidneymetabolicsyndromeapopulationbasedstudy
AT chenhanmao associationbetweendietaryindexforgutmicrobiotaandcardiovascularkidneymetabolicsyndromeapopulationbasedstudy
AT haoyuan associationbetweendietaryindexforgutmicrobiotaandcardiovascularkidneymetabolicsyndromeapopulationbasedstudy
AT yingzhu associationbetweendietaryindexforgutmicrobiotaandcardiovascularkidneymetabolicsyndromeapopulationbasedstudy
AT yinxu associationbetweendietaryindexforgutmicrobiotaandcardiovascularkidneymetabolicsyndromeapopulationbasedstudy