Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time

Abstract Background Endurance athletes’ competitions have increased over the decades and marathon races are becoming increasingly popular. Proper nutrition is critical for optimal performance and long-term health in marathon athletes. This study aimed to investigate runners’ nutritional intake, espe...

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Main Authors: Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme, Florencia Pino Garrone, Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez, David Romero-García, Isabel Sospedra, Daniel Giménez-Monzó, César Iván Ayala-Guzmán, José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-03-01
Series:Sports Medicine - Open
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-024-00801-w
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author Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme
Florencia Pino Garrone
Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez
David Romero-García
Isabel Sospedra
Daniel Giménez-Monzó
César Iván Ayala-Guzmán
José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
author_facet Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme
Florencia Pino Garrone
Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez
David Romero-García
Isabel Sospedra
Daniel Giménez-Monzó
César Iván Ayala-Guzmán
José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
author_sort Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Endurance athletes’ competitions have increased over the decades and marathon races are becoming increasingly popular. Proper nutrition is critical for optimal performance and long-term health in marathon athletes. This study aimed to investigate runners’ nutritional intake, especially fluids, food, and supplements, competing in the Seville Marathon. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to obtain information on the consumption of liquids, food, and supplements. A total of 160 runners (aged 42.2 ± 7.3 years) who were primarily men (87.5%) who participated in the 2022 Seville marathon took part in the study. Results There was no significant difference (p > 0.050) between marathon finish time (from 2 h 12 min to 5 h) or sports experience and fluid, carbohydrates (CHO), sodium, and caffeine intake pre- and post-competition. However, according to the results obtained, the athletes who met CHO intake recommendations during the competition (60–90 g/h) were more likely to finish the marathon in less than 180 min (p = 0.035). Conclusions The intake of CHO (35 ± 17 g/h), sodium (192 ± 150 mg/h) and caffeine (57 ± 49 mg/h) was low compared to the current recommendations during the competition. The intake of fluids (466 ± 279 mL/h) was at the lower limit of recommendations. Most athletes did not receive nutritional counselling by a sport dietitian, which may explain why athletes failed to meet specific nutrient recommendations. Future investigations with a larger sample size are warranted to assess the relationship between dietary intake and finish time.
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spelling doaj-art-11f6b08dd8db4ce9a91fb2e7d5b673fa2025-08-20T03:41:40ZengSpringerOpenSports Medicine - Open2198-97612025-03-0111111610.1186/s40798-024-00801-wNutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing TimeRubén Jiménez-Alfageme0Florencia Pino Garrone1Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez2David Romero-García3Isabel Sospedra4Daniel Giménez-Monzó5César Iván Ayala-Guzmán6José Miguel Martínez-Sanz7Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Vitoria-Gasteiz EUNEIZGenetic Center Jorge DottoPhysiology, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group, University of StirlingFaculty of Health Sciences, University of AlicanteNursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of AlicanteDepartment of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science Health, University of AlicanteHealth Department, Iberoamerican UniversityNursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of AlicanteAbstract Background Endurance athletes’ competitions have increased over the decades and marathon races are becoming increasingly popular. Proper nutrition is critical for optimal performance and long-term health in marathon athletes. This study aimed to investigate runners’ nutritional intake, especially fluids, food, and supplements, competing in the Seville Marathon. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to obtain information on the consumption of liquids, food, and supplements. A total of 160 runners (aged 42.2 ± 7.3 years) who were primarily men (87.5%) who participated in the 2022 Seville marathon took part in the study. Results There was no significant difference (p > 0.050) between marathon finish time (from 2 h 12 min to 5 h) or sports experience and fluid, carbohydrates (CHO), sodium, and caffeine intake pre- and post-competition. However, according to the results obtained, the athletes who met CHO intake recommendations during the competition (60–90 g/h) were more likely to finish the marathon in less than 180 min (p = 0.035). Conclusions The intake of CHO (35 ± 17 g/h), sodium (192 ± 150 mg/h) and caffeine (57 ± 49 mg/h) was low compared to the current recommendations during the competition. The intake of fluids (466 ± 279 mL/h) was at the lower limit of recommendations. Most athletes did not receive nutritional counselling by a sport dietitian, which may explain why athletes failed to meet specific nutrient recommendations. Future investigations with a larger sample size are warranted to assess the relationship between dietary intake and finish time.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-024-00801-wSport nutritionFluid intakeCompetitionCarbohydratesEndurance athlete
spellingShingle Rubén Jiménez-Alfageme
Florencia Pino Garrone
Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez
David Romero-García
Isabel Sospedra
Daniel Giménez-Monzó
César Iván Ayala-Guzmán
José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time
Sports Medicine - Open
Sport nutrition
Fluid intake
Competition
Carbohydrates
Endurance athlete
title Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time
title_full Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time
title_fullStr Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time
title_full_unstemmed Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time
title_short Nutritional Intake and Timing of Marathon Runners: Influence of Athlete’s Characteristics and Fueling Practices on Finishing Time
title_sort nutritional intake and timing of marathon runners influence of athlete s characteristics and fueling practices on finishing time
topic Sport nutrition
Fluid intake
Competition
Carbohydrates
Endurance athlete
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-024-00801-w
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