Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications

Lignin serves as a promising Ultraviolet (UV) absorber within sunscreen industry. However, the commercial development of lignin-containing sunscreens faces challenges due to their low sun protection factor (SPF) and dark color in cosmetics industry. In this study, dual modifications on the chemical...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yarong Li, Zhiguang Tang, Xiaohan Zhou, Junhua Zhang, Xueping Song, Kai Li, Wei Liu, Zhanying Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969824000574
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850215130860617728
author Yarong Li
Zhiguang Tang
Xiaohan Zhou
Junhua Zhang
Xueping Song
Kai Li
Wei Liu
Zhanying Zhang
author_facet Yarong Li
Zhiguang Tang
Xiaohan Zhou
Junhua Zhang
Xueping Song
Kai Li
Wei Liu
Zhanying Zhang
author_sort Yarong Li
collection DOAJ
description Lignin serves as a promising Ultraviolet (UV) absorber within sunscreen industry. However, the commercial development of lignin-containing sunscreens faces challenges due to their low sun protection factor (SPF) and dark color in cosmetics industry. In this study, dual modifications on the chemical and physical structures of lignin were conducted to address these challenges. Initially, methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT) was grafted onto alkali lignin (AL) through an atom transfer radical polymerization reaction, resulting in a polymer of AL-graft-MBBT3 (AL-g-MBBT3). The sunscreen prepared with 10% AL-g-MBBT3 displays outstanding sun protection performance with a SPF of 42.93 and a light color with a color difference value (ΔE) of 45.6, in contrast to 10% AL with a SPF of 4.74 and a ΔE value of 49.5. Subsequently, AL-g-MBBT3 was transformed into normal submicron spheres (AL-g-MBBT3 N) and TiO2-loading submicron spheres (AL-g-MBBT3/TiO2). The sun protection performances of 10% AL-g-MBBT3 N@C and AL-g-MBBT3/TiO2@C sunscreens obviously surpass that of AL-g-MBBT3@C sunscreen, achieving SPFs of 60.38 and 66.20, respectively. Additionally, there is a considerable improvement in the color of these sunscreens, with ΔE values of 41.8 and 36.3, respectively. These results provide valuable insights into exploring lignin's high-value applications in sunscreen.
format Article
id doaj-art-11f4e6bc518c4df586364d93463806e4
institution OA Journals
issn 2369-9698
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
spelling doaj-art-11f4e6bc518c4df586364d93463806e42025-08-20T02:08:42ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts2369-96982024-11-019453454710.1016/j.jobab.2024.09.003Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applicationsYarong Li0Zhiguang Tang1Xiaohan Zhou2Junhua Zhang3Xueping Song4Kai Li5Wei Liu6Zhanying Zhang7College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Cane Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, ChinaCollege of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Cane Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, ChinaCollege of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Cane Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, ChinaJiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, ChinaCollege of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning, 530004, China; Corresponding authors.College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Cane Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, China; Corresponding authors.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Corresponding authors.School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, 4000, AustraliaLignin serves as a promising Ultraviolet (UV) absorber within sunscreen industry. However, the commercial development of lignin-containing sunscreens faces challenges due to their low sun protection factor (SPF) and dark color in cosmetics industry. In this study, dual modifications on the chemical and physical structures of lignin were conducted to address these challenges. Initially, methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT) was grafted onto alkali lignin (AL) through an atom transfer radical polymerization reaction, resulting in a polymer of AL-graft-MBBT3 (AL-g-MBBT3). The sunscreen prepared with 10% AL-g-MBBT3 displays outstanding sun protection performance with a SPF of 42.93 and a light color with a color difference value (ΔE) of 45.6, in contrast to 10% AL with a SPF of 4.74 and a ΔE value of 49.5. Subsequently, AL-g-MBBT3 was transformed into normal submicron spheres (AL-g-MBBT3 N) and TiO2-loading submicron spheres (AL-g-MBBT3/TiO2). The sun protection performances of 10% AL-g-MBBT3 N@C and AL-g-MBBT3/TiO2@C sunscreens obviously surpass that of AL-g-MBBT3@C sunscreen, achieving SPFs of 60.38 and 66.20, respectively. Additionally, there is a considerable improvement in the color of these sunscreens, with ΔE values of 41.8 and 36.3, respectively. These results provide valuable insights into exploring lignin's high-value applications in sunscreen.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969824000574LigninGraftSubmicron sphereTiO2Anti-UV performanceColor
spellingShingle Yarong Li
Zhiguang Tang
Xiaohan Zhou
Junhua Zhang
Xueping Song
Kai Li
Wei Liu
Zhanying Zhang
Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications
Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
Lignin
Graft
Submicron sphere
TiO2
Anti-UV performance
Color
title Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications
title_full Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications
title_fullStr Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications
title_full_unstemmed Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications
title_short Development of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol-grafted lignin sub-microspheres loaded with TiO2 for sunscreen applications
title_sort development of methylene bis benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol grafted lignin sub microspheres loaded with tio2 for sunscreen applications
topic Lignin
Graft
Submicron sphere
TiO2
Anti-UV performance
Color
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969824000574
work_keys_str_mv AT yarongli developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT zhiguangtang developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT xiaohanzhou developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT junhuazhang developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT xuepingsong developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT kaili developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT weiliu developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications
AT zhanyingzhang developmentofmethylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenolgraftedligninsubmicrospheresloadedwithtio2forsunscreenapplications