Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with limited treatment options at advanced stages. The gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in regulating immune responses through the gut...

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Main Authors: Mingyao Huang, Quansong Ji, Huiyan Huang, Xiaoqian Wang, Lin Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Gut Microbes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2025.2486519
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author Mingyao Huang
Quansong Ji
Huiyan Huang
Xiaoqian Wang
Lin Wang
author_facet Mingyao Huang
Quansong Ji
Huiyan Huang
Xiaoqian Wang
Lin Wang
author_sort Mingyao Huang
collection DOAJ
description Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with limited treatment options at advanced stages. The gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in regulating immune responses through the gut-liver axis. Emerging evidence underscores its impact on HCC progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review explores the intricate interactions between gut microbiota and the immune system in HCC, with a focus on key immune cells and pathways involved in tumor immunity. Additionally, it highlights strategies for modulating the gut microbiota – such as fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary interventions, and probiotics – as potential approaches to enhancing immunotherapy outcomes. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at improving patient prognosis.
format Article
id doaj-art-11d2d7eadb0f4c0bbc13bcfa355fb2ff
institution DOAJ
issn 1949-0976
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language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Gut Microbes
spelling doaj-art-11d2d7eadb0f4c0bbc13bcfa355fb2ff2025-08-20T02:53:50ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGut Microbes1949-09761949-09842025-12-0117110.1080/19490976.2025.2486519Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modificationMingyao Huang0Quansong Ji1Huiyan Huang2Xiaoqian Wang3Lin Wang4School of Basic Medicine, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaWard 3, De’an Hospital, Xianyou County, Putian, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with limited treatment options at advanced stages. The gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in regulating immune responses through the gut-liver axis. Emerging evidence underscores its impact on HCC progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review explores the intricate interactions between gut microbiota and the immune system in HCC, with a focus on key immune cells and pathways involved in tumor immunity. Additionally, it highlights strategies for modulating the gut microbiota – such as fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary interventions, and probiotics – as potential approaches to enhancing immunotherapy outcomes. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at improving patient prognosis.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2025.2486519Gut microbiotaHCCimmune regulationimmunotherapygut-liver axis
spellingShingle Mingyao Huang
Quansong Ji
Huiyan Huang
Xiaoqian Wang
Lin Wang
Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
Gut Microbes
Gut microbiota
HCC
immune regulation
immunotherapy
gut-liver axis
title Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
title_full Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
title_fullStr Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
title_full_unstemmed Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
title_short Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
title_sort gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification
topic Gut microbiota
HCC
immune regulation
immunotherapy
gut-liver axis
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2025.2486519
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AT huiyanhuang gutmicrobiotainhepatocellularcarcinomaimmunotherapyimmunemicroenvironmentremodelingandgutmicrobiotamodification
AT xiaoqianwang gutmicrobiotainhepatocellularcarcinomaimmunotherapyimmunemicroenvironmentremodelingandgutmicrobiotamodification
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