Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays

Background: Laboratory examinations play a crucial role in medical diagnostics and treatment, necessitating the identification of interference factors to ensure accurate results. Biotin, a common dietary supplement, can interfere with immunoassays utilizing biotin-streptavidin interactions. Studies...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kuo-Chun Chiu, Jia-Rong Jhan, Hsiao-Ni Yan, Yu-Chen Liao, Wen-Hui Lu, Kuan-Yi Lee, Li-Yuan Cheng, Chung-Kang Yeh, Ya-Fen Lee, Chiung-Hui Kuo, Kuei-Pin Chung, Tzu-I Chien
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Practical Laboratory Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352551725000253
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849722092455460864
author Kuo-Chun Chiu
Jia-Rong Jhan
Hsiao-Ni Yan
Yu-Chen Liao
Wen-Hui Lu
Kuan-Yi Lee
Li-Yuan Cheng
Chung-Kang Yeh
Ya-Fen Lee
Chiung-Hui Kuo
Kuei-Pin Chung
Tzu-I Chien
author_facet Kuo-Chun Chiu
Jia-Rong Jhan
Hsiao-Ni Yan
Yu-Chen Liao
Wen-Hui Lu
Kuan-Yi Lee
Li-Yuan Cheng
Chung-Kang Yeh
Ya-Fen Lee
Chiung-Hui Kuo
Kuei-Pin Chung
Tzu-I Chien
author_sort Kuo-Chun Chiu
collection DOAJ
description Background: Laboratory examinations play a crucial role in medical diagnostics and treatment, necessitating the identification of interference factors to ensure accurate results. Biotin, a common dietary supplement, can interfere with immunoassays utilizing biotin-streptavidin interactions. Studies have documented biotin's significant impact on thyroid function tests and various immunoassays, prompting the need for effective mitigation strategies. Methods: Samples were collected from various clinical departments and analyzed for biotin levels. Biotin interference was evaluated using both old and new Elecsys reagents in assays for thyroglobulin (TG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), anti-thyroglobulin (ATG), and free thyroxine (FT4). Biotin spike-in and depletion tests were conducted to assess interference mitigation methods. Additionally, the biotin tolerance of Roche and Abbott immunoassay systems was compared. Results: Biotin levels were measured in 78 participants from different clinical departments: health management center (n = 13), emergency department (n = 21), intensive care unit (n = 12), gynecology department(n = 3), and hemodialysis department (n = 29). Patients undergoing hemodialysis and those in the intensive care unit (ICU) demonstrated significantly elevated biotin levels (mean = 3.282 ng/mL and 3.212 ng/mL, respectively) in comparison to other patient groups (p < 0.05), likely attributable to the intake of biotin-containing supplements. Biotin levels >500 ng/mL caused a 20 % change in assay values, resulting in false-low results for TG and AFP and false-high results for ATG and FT4 with older Elecsys reagents. Setting a 10 % change as the threshold, the newer Elecsys reagents demonstrated improved resistance against biotin interference, tolerating concentrations of 1000 ng/mL to 3000 ng/mL depending on the specific tests, consistent with the Roche package inserts. We employed a biotin depletion method that effectively restored assay accuracy for older reagents, generally resulting in less than a 10 % change when biotin levels were below 400 ng/mL. However, this depletion method was unnecessary with the newer reagents due to their increased biotin tolerance. Comparing the Roche and Abbott systems revealed significant differences in biotin tolerance. The Abbott system demonstrated greater resilience to biotin interference, while the Roche system showed biotin interference in assays for carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 125, cancer antigen 153, cancer antigen 19-9, with changes exceeding 30 % at 500 ng/mL of biotin. Conclusions: Our study highlights the high prevalence of elevated biotin levels in hemodialysis and ICU patients, serving as a critical reference for clinical result interpretation. We confirm that Roche's newer reagents exhibit enhanced biotin tolerance, consistent with the manufacturer's claims, and demonstrate that biotin depletion effectively restores assay accuracy. These findings provide valuable methodological guidance for mitigating biotin interference in clinical immunoassays.
format Article
id doaj-art-11d079b231804c2a8cdbe34d8dd1ac8d
institution DOAJ
issn 2352-5517
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Practical Laboratory Medicine
spelling doaj-art-11d079b231804c2a8cdbe34d8dd1ac8d2025-08-20T03:11:26ZengElsevierPractical Laboratory Medicine2352-55172025-07-0145e0047210.1016/j.plabm.2025.e00472Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassaysKuo-Chun Chiu0Jia-Rong Jhan1Hsiao-Ni Yan2Yu-Chen Liao3Wen-Hui Lu4Kuan-Yi Lee5Li-Yuan Cheng6Chung-Kang Yeh7Ya-Fen Lee8Chiung-Hui Kuo9Kuei-Pin Chung10Tzu-I Chien11Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Biomedical Park Branch, Hsinchu, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Kuei-Pin Chung Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Address: No. 1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, 100229, Taiwan.Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center Address: No. 57, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da'an Dist., Taipei, 106037, Taiwan.Background: Laboratory examinations play a crucial role in medical diagnostics and treatment, necessitating the identification of interference factors to ensure accurate results. Biotin, a common dietary supplement, can interfere with immunoassays utilizing biotin-streptavidin interactions. Studies have documented biotin's significant impact on thyroid function tests and various immunoassays, prompting the need for effective mitigation strategies. Methods: Samples were collected from various clinical departments and analyzed for biotin levels. Biotin interference was evaluated using both old and new Elecsys reagents in assays for thyroglobulin (TG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), anti-thyroglobulin (ATG), and free thyroxine (FT4). Biotin spike-in and depletion tests were conducted to assess interference mitigation methods. Additionally, the biotin tolerance of Roche and Abbott immunoassay systems was compared. Results: Biotin levels were measured in 78 participants from different clinical departments: health management center (n = 13), emergency department (n = 21), intensive care unit (n = 12), gynecology department(n = 3), and hemodialysis department (n = 29). Patients undergoing hemodialysis and those in the intensive care unit (ICU) demonstrated significantly elevated biotin levels (mean = 3.282 ng/mL and 3.212 ng/mL, respectively) in comparison to other patient groups (p < 0.05), likely attributable to the intake of biotin-containing supplements. Biotin levels >500 ng/mL caused a 20 % change in assay values, resulting in false-low results for TG and AFP and false-high results for ATG and FT4 with older Elecsys reagents. Setting a 10 % change as the threshold, the newer Elecsys reagents demonstrated improved resistance against biotin interference, tolerating concentrations of 1000 ng/mL to 3000 ng/mL depending on the specific tests, consistent with the Roche package inserts. We employed a biotin depletion method that effectively restored assay accuracy for older reagents, generally resulting in less than a 10 % change when biotin levels were below 400 ng/mL. However, this depletion method was unnecessary with the newer reagents due to their increased biotin tolerance. Comparing the Roche and Abbott systems revealed significant differences in biotin tolerance. The Abbott system demonstrated greater resilience to biotin interference, while the Roche system showed biotin interference in assays for carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 125, cancer antigen 153, cancer antigen 19-9, with changes exceeding 30 % at 500 ng/mL of biotin. Conclusions: Our study highlights the high prevalence of elevated biotin levels in hemodialysis and ICU patients, serving as a critical reference for clinical result interpretation. We confirm that Roche's newer reagents exhibit enhanced biotin tolerance, consistent with the manufacturer's claims, and demonstrate that biotin depletion effectively restores assay accuracy. These findings provide valuable methodological guidance for mitigating biotin interference in clinical immunoassays.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352551725000253Biotin toleranceImmunoassay interferenceElecsysBiotin depletionHemodialysisICU
spellingShingle Kuo-Chun Chiu
Jia-Rong Jhan
Hsiao-Ni Yan
Yu-Chen Liao
Wen-Hui Lu
Kuan-Yi Lee
Li-Yuan Cheng
Chung-Kang Yeh
Ya-Fen Lee
Chiung-Hui Kuo
Kuei-Pin Chung
Tzu-I Chien
Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
Practical Laboratory Medicine
Biotin tolerance
Immunoassay interference
Elecsys
Biotin depletion
Hemodialysis
ICU
title Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
title_full Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
title_fullStr Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
title_full_unstemmed Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
title_short Biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
title_sort biotin interference in routine clinical immunoassays
topic Biotin tolerance
Immunoassay interference
Elecsys
Biotin depletion
Hemodialysis
ICU
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352551725000253
work_keys_str_mv AT kuochunchiu biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT jiarongjhan biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT hsiaoniyan biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT yuchenliao biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT wenhuilu biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT kuanyilee biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT liyuancheng biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT chungkangyeh biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT yafenlee biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT chiunghuikuo biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT kueipinchung biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays
AT tzuichien biotininterferenceinroutineclinicalimmunoassays