Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies

IntroductionPsychedelics, such as psilocybin, are increasingly recognized for their propensity to elicit powerful subjective experiences that carry personal meaning. While research has demonstrated the capacity for these compounds to promote psychological wellbeing, it has yet to be shown to what ex...

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Main Authors: William Roseby, Hannes Kettner, Leor Roseman, Meg J. Spriggs, Taylor Lyons, Joe Peill, Bruna Giribaldi, David Erritzoe, David J. Nutt, Robin L. Carhart-Harris
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1580663/full
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author William Roseby
Hannes Kettner
Hannes Kettner
Leor Roseman
Meg J. Spriggs
Taylor Lyons
Joe Peill
Bruna Giribaldi
David Erritzoe
David J. Nutt
Robin L. Carhart-Harris
Robin L. Carhart-Harris
author_facet William Roseby
Hannes Kettner
Hannes Kettner
Leor Roseman
Meg J. Spriggs
Taylor Lyons
Joe Peill
Bruna Giribaldi
David Erritzoe
David J. Nutt
Robin L. Carhart-Harris
Robin L. Carhart-Harris
author_sort William Roseby
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionPsychedelics, such as psilocybin, are increasingly recognized for their propensity to elicit powerful subjective experiences that carry personal meaning. While research has demonstrated the capacity for these compounds to promote psychological wellbeing, it has yet to be shown to what extent they modulate "meaning in life", a specific contributor to mental and physical health.MethodsUsing the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), we examined changes in meaning in life occurring across three different contexts of psychedelic use, including a randomized clinical trial of psilocybin for depression, controlled administration of psilocybin in a single-arm healthy volunteer study, and a naturalistic observational study following participants in psychedelic retreats. Meaning in life changes were analyzed with linear mixed models, and relationships to other predictors and outcomes were examined via Pearson correlations.ResultsAcross all contexts, the sub-factor “presence of meaning” was strongly increased after a psychedelic experience, while the sub-factor “search for meaning” was only weakly reduced. Enhancements of meaning in life were also moderately correlated with changes in measures of mental health, including mental wellbeing and depression severity. In line with previous research, we found that mystical, ego dissolution and emotional breakthrough experiences were correlated with an increase of meaning in life, with context-dependent differences in the strength of the association.DiscussionThe convergence of evidence from multiple studies shows that psychedelic use has a robust and long-lasting positive effect on meaning in life. We explore potential mechanisms of psychedelic-induced meaning enhancement and highlight the possible influences of psychosocial context on outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-11cf3975b4a94f5fbd96e042fb9460a82025-08-20T02:32:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-06-011610.3389/fpsyg.2025.15806631580663Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studiesWilliam Roseby0Hannes Kettner1Hannes Kettner2Leor Roseman3Meg J. Spriggs4Taylor Lyons5Joe Peill6Bruna Giribaldi7David Erritzoe8David J. Nutt9Robin L. Carhart-Harris10Robin L. Carhart-Harris11Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCarhart-Harris Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCarhart-Harris Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesIntroductionPsychedelics, such as psilocybin, are increasingly recognized for their propensity to elicit powerful subjective experiences that carry personal meaning. While research has demonstrated the capacity for these compounds to promote psychological wellbeing, it has yet to be shown to what extent they modulate "meaning in life", a specific contributor to mental and physical health.MethodsUsing the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), we examined changes in meaning in life occurring across three different contexts of psychedelic use, including a randomized clinical trial of psilocybin for depression, controlled administration of psilocybin in a single-arm healthy volunteer study, and a naturalistic observational study following participants in psychedelic retreats. Meaning in life changes were analyzed with linear mixed models, and relationships to other predictors and outcomes were examined via Pearson correlations.ResultsAcross all contexts, the sub-factor “presence of meaning” was strongly increased after a psychedelic experience, while the sub-factor “search for meaning” was only weakly reduced. Enhancements of meaning in life were also moderately correlated with changes in measures of mental health, including mental wellbeing and depression severity. In line with previous research, we found that mystical, ego dissolution and emotional breakthrough experiences were correlated with an increase of meaning in life, with context-dependent differences in the strength of the association.DiscussionThe convergence of evidence from multiple studies shows that psychedelic use has a robust and long-lasting positive effect on meaning in life. We explore potential mechanisms of psychedelic-induced meaning enhancement and highlight the possible influences of psychosocial context on outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1580663/fullpsychedelicspsilocybinmystical experiencemeaningmeaning in lifedepression
spellingShingle William Roseby
Hannes Kettner
Hannes Kettner
Leor Roseman
Meg J. Spriggs
Taylor Lyons
Joe Peill
Bruna Giribaldi
David Erritzoe
David J. Nutt
Robin L. Carhart-Harris
Robin L. Carhart-Harris
Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
Frontiers in Psychology
psychedelics
psilocybin
mystical experience
meaning
meaning in life
depression
title Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
title_full Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
title_fullStr Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
title_short Enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use: converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
title_sort enhanced meaning in life following psychedelic use converging evidence from controlled and naturalistic studies
topic psychedelics
psilocybin
mystical experience
meaning
meaning in life
depression
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1580663/full
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