Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater
Chromium-containing wastewater poses severe threats to ecosystems and human health due to the high toxicity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Although iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) show promise for Cr(VI) removal, their practical application is hindered by challenges in recovery and reuse. Herein,...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Yu Gao Ying Liu Xu Zhao Xinchao Liu Qina Sun Tifeng Jiao |
| author_facet | Yu Gao Ying Liu Xu Zhao Xinchao Liu Qina Sun Tifeng Jiao |
| author_sort | Yu Gao |
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| description | Chromium-containing wastewater poses severe threats to ecosystems and human health due to the high toxicity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Although iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) show promise for Cr(VI) removal, their practical application is hindered by challenges in recovery and reuse. Herein, a novel three-dimensional porous nanocomposite, <i>Artemia</i> cyst shell biochar-supported iron oxide nanoparticles (ACSC@ IONP), was synthesized via synchronous pyrolysis of Fe<sup>3+</sup>-impregnated <i>Artemia</i> cyst shells (ACSs) and in situ reduction of iron. The optimized composite C@Fe-3, prepared with 1 mol/L Fe<sup>3+</sup> and pyrolyzed at 450 °C for 5 h, exhibited rapid removal equilibrium within 5–10 min for both Cr(VI) and total chromium (Cr(total)), attributed to synergistic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cr(III). The maximum Cr(total) adsorption capacity was 110.1 mg/g at pH 2, as determined by the Sips isothermal model for heterogeneous adsorption. Competitive experiments demonstrated robust selectivity for Cr(VI) removal even under a 64-fold excess of competing anions, with an interference order of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> > NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> > Cl<sup>−</sup>. Remarkably, C@Fe-3 retained 65% Cr(VI) removal efficiency after four adsorption–desorption cycles. This study provides a scalable and eco-friendly strategy for fabricating reusable adsorbents with dual functionality for chromium remediation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-11bceff535cb49f190e940b9dc31a415 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-11bceff535cb49f190e940b9dc31a4152025-08-20T02:28:41ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-04-01308174310.3390/molecules30081743Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from WastewaterYu Gao0Ying Liu1Xu Zhao2Xinchao Liu3Qina Sun4Tifeng Jiao5State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaChromium-containing wastewater poses severe threats to ecosystems and human health due to the high toxicity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Although iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) show promise for Cr(VI) removal, their practical application is hindered by challenges in recovery and reuse. Herein, a novel three-dimensional porous nanocomposite, <i>Artemia</i> cyst shell biochar-supported iron oxide nanoparticles (ACSC@ IONP), was synthesized via synchronous pyrolysis of Fe<sup>3+</sup>-impregnated <i>Artemia</i> cyst shells (ACSs) and in situ reduction of iron. The optimized composite C@Fe-3, prepared with 1 mol/L Fe<sup>3+</sup> and pyrolyzed at 450 °C for 5 h, exhibited rapid removal equilibrium within 5–10 min for both Cr(VI) and total chromium (Cr(total)), attributed to synergistic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cr(III). The maximum Cr(total) adsorption capacity was 110.1 mg/g at pH 2, as determined by the Sips isothermal model for heterogeneous adsorption. Competitive experiments demonstrated robust selectivity for Cr(VI) removal even under a 64-fold excess of competing anions, with an interference order of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> > NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> > Cl<sup>−</sup>. Remarkably, C@Fe-3 retained 65% Cr(VI) removal efficiency after four adsorption–desorption cycles. This study provides a scalable and eco-friendly strategy for fabricating reusable adsorbents with dual functionality for chromium remediation.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/8/1743three-dimensional hierarchical porous biochar<i>Artemia</i> cyst shellhexavalent chromium (Cr(VI))synergistic adsorption-reduction |
| spellingShingle | Yu Gao Ying Liu Xu Zhao Xinchao Liu Qina Sun Tifeng Jiao Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater Molecules three-dimensional hierarchical porous biochar <i>Artemia</i> cyst shell hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) synergistic adsorption-reduction |
| title | Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater |
| title_full | Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater |
| title_short | Three-Dimensional Porous Artemia Cyst Shell Biochar-Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Chromium from Wastewater |
| title_sort | three dimensional porous artemia cyst shell biochar supported iron oxide nanoparticles for efficient removal of chromium from wastewater |
| topic | three-dimensional hierarchical porous biochar <i>Artemia</i> cyst shell hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) synergistic adsorption-reduction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/8/1743 |
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