Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study

Abstract Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in health helps identify vulnerable groups and guide targeted interventions. Mental health disorders significantly affect well-being and productivity. This study assessed the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in depression, anxiety, and stres...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sheida Ghorbani, Fatemeh Ghavidel, Sedigheh Abdollahi, Pardis Zarepour, FatemehZahra Dehestani, Mohammad Saatchi, Hamidreza Pouragha, Vali Baigi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02192-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849326025963470848
author Sheida Ghorbani
Fatemeh Ghavidel
Sedigheh Abdollahi
Pardis Zarepour
FatemehZahra Dehestani
Mohammad Saatchi
Hamidreza Pouragha
Vali Baigi
author_facet Sheida Ghorbani
Fatemeh Ghavidel
Sedigheh Abdollahi
Pardis Zarepour
FatemehZahra Dehestani
Mohammad Saatchi
Hamidreza Pouragha
Vali Baigi
author_sort Sheida Ghorbani
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in health helps identify vulnerable groups and guide targeted interventions. Mental health disorders significantly affect well-being and productivity. This study assessed the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in depression, anxiety, and stress among employees of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Employees’ Cohort (TEC) baseline phase, comprising 4,442 individuals. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) was utilized to measure mental health disorders. Education level and wealth index were considered as socioeconomic indicators. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were employed to estimate socioeconomic inequality. The age-adjusted prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 8.7%, 8.6%, and 11.5%, respectively. The relative wealth-related inequality analysis revealed that, after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and education level, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the lowest wealth index was 2.54, 2.89, and 1.65 times higher than in the highest wealth index, respectively. Additionally, the relative education-related inequality analysis indicated that, adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and wealth index, individuals with primary education or no formal education had 2.58, 2.99, and 2.14 times higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress compared to those with a doctoral degree, respectively. Significant disparities in the prevalence of mental health disorders were found across educational and wealth index levels. Targeted interventions and policies should aim to achieve and sustain long-term benefits for vulnerable and disadvantaged groups.
format Article
id doaj-art-119e17beefad48d7863d7b421bfd31cb
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-119e17beefad48d7863d7b421bfd31cb2025-08-20T03:48:15ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-02192-8Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort studySheida Ghorbani0Fatemeh Ghavidel1Sedigheh Abdollahi2Pardis Zarepour3FatemehZahra Dehestani4Mohammad Saatchi5Hamidreza Pouragha6Vali Baigi7Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation SciencesDepartment of Environmental Engineering, MehrAlborz University (MAU)Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in health helps identify vulnerable groups and guide targeted interventions. Mental health disorders significantly affect well-being and productivity. This study assessed the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in depression, anxiety, and stress among employees of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Employees’ Cohort (TEC) baseline phase, comprising 4,442 individuals. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) was utilized to measure mental health disorders. Education level and wealth index were considered as socioeconomic indicators. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were employed to estimate socioeconomic inequality. The age-adjusted prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 8.7%, 8.6%, and 11.5%, respectively. The relative wealth-related inequality analysis revealed that, after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and education level, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the lowest wealth index was 2.54, 2.89, and 1.65 times higher than in the highest wealth index, respectively. Additionally, the relative education-related inequality analysis indicated that, adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and wealth index, individuals with primary education or no formal education had 2.58, 2.99, and 2.14 times higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress compared to those with a doctoral degree, respectively. Significant disparities in the prevalence of mental health disorders were found across educational and wealth index levels. Targeted interventions and policies should aim to achieve and sustain long-term benefits for vulnerable and disadvantaged groups.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02192-8Social classHealth status disparitiesMental healthSocial determinants of health
spellingShingle Sheida Ghorbani
Fatemeh Ghavidel
Sedigheh Abdollahi
Pardis Zarepour
FatemehZahra Dehestani
Mohammad Saatchi
Hamidreza Pouragha
Vali Baigi
Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study
Scientific Reports
Social class
Health status disparities
Mental health
Social determinants of health
title Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study
title_full Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study
title_fullStr Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study
title_short Socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders: A cross-sectional study from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees’ cohort study
title_sort socioeconomic inequality in mental health disorders a cross sectional study from the tehran university of medical sciences employees cohort study
topic Social class
Health status disparities
Mental health
Social determinants of health
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02192-8
work_keys_str_mv AT sheidaghorbani socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT fatemehghavidel socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT sedighehabdollahi socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT pardiszarepour socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT fatemehzahradehestani socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT mohammadsaatchi socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT hamidrezapouragha socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy
AT valibaigi socioeconomicinequalityinmentalhealthdisordersacrosssectionalstudyfromthetehranuniversityofmedicalsciencesemployeescohortstudy