The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in <i>Campylobacter</i> species, particularly <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i>, poses a significant public health threat. These bacteria, which are commonly found in livestock, poultry, companion animals, and wildlife, are the lea...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Zubeiru Bukari Toyin Emmanuel Jude Woodward Richard Ferguson Martha Ezughara Nikhil Darga Bruno Silvester Lopes |
| author_facet | Zubeiru Bukari Toyin Emmanuel Jude Woodward Richard Ferguson Martha Ezughara Nikhil Darga Bruno Silvester Lopes |
| author_sort | Zubeiru Bukari |
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| description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in <i>Campylobacter</i> species, particularly <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i>, poses a significant public health threat. These bacteria, which are commonly found in livestock, poultry, companion animals, and wildlife, are the leading causes of foodborne illnesses, often transmitted through contaminated poultry. Extensive exposure to antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine creates selection pressure, driving resistance through mechanisms such as point mutations, horizontal gene transfer, and efflux pumps. Resistance to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and tetracyclines complicates treatment and increases the risk of severe infections. Drug-resistant <i>Campylobacter</i> is transmitted to humans via contaminated food, water, and direct contact with animals, highlighting its zoonotic potential. Addressing this challenge requires effective interventions. Pre-harvest strategies like biosecurity and immune-based methods reduce bacterial loads on farms, while post-harvest measures, including carcass decontamination and freezing, limit contamination. Emerging approaches, such as bacteriocins and natural antimicrobials, offer chemical-free alternatives. Integrated, multidisciplinary interventions across the food chain are essential to mitigate AMR transmission and enhance food safety. Sustainable agricultural practices, antimicrobial stewardship, and innovative solutions are critical to curbing <i>Campylobacter</i> resistance and protecting global public health. Our review examines the dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> and presents current strategies to mitigate <i>Campylobacter</i>-related AMR, offering valuable insights for antimicrobial control in the poultry industry. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-113f99cdd0c247cbb10fb5493871ec0f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-113f99cdd0c247cbb10fb5493871ec0f2025-01-24T13:51:25ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662025-01-011012510.3390/tropicalmed10010025The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention StrategiesZubeiru Bukari0Toyin Emmanuel1Jude Woodward2Richard Ferguson3Martha Ezughara4Nikhil Darga5Bruno Silvester Lopes6School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UKAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) in <i>Campylobacter</i> species, particularly <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i>, poses a significant public health threat. These bacteria, which are commonly found in livestock, poultry, companion animals, and wildlife, are the leading causes of foodborne illnesses, often transmitted through contaminated poultry. Extensive exposure to antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine creates selection pressure, driving resistance through mechanisms such as point mutations, horizontal gene transfer, and efflux pumps. Resistance to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and tetracyclines complicates treatment and increases the risk of severe infections. Drug-resistant <i>Campylobacter</i> is transmitted to humans via contaminated food, water, and direct contact with animals, highlighting its zoonotic potential. Addressing this challenge requires effective interventions. Pre-harvest strategies like biosecurity and immune-based methods reduce bacterial loads on farms, while post-harvest measures, including carcass decontamination and freezing, limit contamination. Emerging approaches, such as bacteriocins and natural antimicrobials, offer chemical-free alternatives. Integrated, multidisciplinary interventions across the food chain are essential to mitigate AMR transmission and enhance food safety. Sustainable agricultural practices, antimicrobial stewardship, and innovative solutions are critical to curbing <i>Campylobacter</i> resistance and protecting global public health. Our review examines the dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> and presents current strategies to mitigate <i>Campylobacter</i>-related AMR, offering valuable insights for antimicrobial control in the poultry industry.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/1/25<i>Campylobacter</i>antimicrobial resistancefluoroquinolonesmacrolidestetracyclinesaminoglycosides |
| spellingShingle | Zubeiru Bukari Toyin Emmanuel Jude Woodward Richard Ferguson Martha Ezughara Nikhil Darga Bruno Silvester Lopes The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease <i>Campylobacter</i> antimicrobial resistance fluoroquinolones macrolides tetracyclines aminoglycosides |
| title | The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies |
| title_full | The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies |
| title_fullStr | The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies |
| title_short | The Global Challenge of <i>Campylobacter</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Intervention Strategies |
| title_sort | global challenge of i campylobacter i antimicrobial resistance and emerging intervention strategies |
| topic | <i>Campylobacter</i> antimicrobial resistance fluoroquinolones macrolides tetracyclines aminoglycosides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/1/25 |
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