Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains
<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that can cause invasive listeriosis. In this study, the virulence levels of 26 strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolated from food and clinical samples in Shanghai, China, between 2020 and 2022 w...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Hui Yan Biyao Xu Binru Gao Yunyan Xu Xuejuan Xia Yue Ma Xiaojie Qin Qingli Dong Takashi Hirata Zhuosi Li |
| author_facet | Hui Yan Biyao Xu Binru Gao Yunyan Xu Xuejuan Xia Yue Ma Xiaojie Qin Qingli Dong Takashi Hirata Zhuosi Li |
| author_sort | Hui Yan |
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| description | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that can cause invasive listeriosis. In this study, the virulence levels of 26 strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolated from food and clinical samples in Shanghai, China, between 2020 and 2022 were analyzed. There were significant differences among isolates in terms of their mortality rate in <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells, hemolytic activity, and expression of important virulence genes. Compared with other STs, both the ST121 (food source) and ST1930 (clinic source) strains exhibited higher <i>G. mellonella</i> mortality. The 48 h mortality in <i>G. mellonella</i> of lineage II strains was significantly higher than that in lineage I. Compared with other STs, ST1930, ST3, ST5, and ST1032 exhibited higher cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells. Based on the classification of sources (food and clinical strains) and serogroups (II a, II b, and II c), there were no significant differences observed in terms of <i>G. mellonella</i> mortality, cytotoxicity, and hemolytic activity. In addition, ST121 exhibited significantly higher <i>hly</i>, <i>inlA</i>, <i>inlB</i>, <i>prfA</i>, <i>plcA</i>, and <i>plcB</i> gene expression compared with other STs. A gray relation analysis showed a high correlation between the toxicity of <i>G. mellonella</i> and the expression of the <i>hly</i> and <i>inlB</i> genes; in addition, <i>L. monocytogenes</i> may have a consistent virulence mechanism involving hemolysis activity and cytotoxicity. Through the integration of <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> infection models with information on the expression of virulence factor genes, the differences in virulence between strains or subtypes can be better understood. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-111953f1e88644aa84029ed593a50215 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-111953f1e88644aa84029ed593a502152025-01-24T13:42:59ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-01-0113119110.3390/microorganisms13010191Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> StrainsHui Yan0Biyao Xu1Binru Gao2Yunyan Xu3Xuejuan Xia4Yue Ma5Xiaojie Qin6Qingli Dong7Takashi Hirata8Zhuosi Li9School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200051, ChinaSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaGraduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, JapanSchool of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that can cause invasive listeriosis. In this study, the virulence levels of 26 strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolated from food and clinical samples in Shanghai, China, between 2020 and 2022 were analyzed. There were significant differences among isolates in terms of their mortality rate in <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells, hemolytic activity, and expression of important virulence genes. Compared with other STs, both the ST121 (food source) and ST1930 (clinic source) strains exhibited higher <i>G. mellonella</i> mortality. The 48 h mortality in <i>G. mellonella</i> of lineage II strains was significantly higher than that in lineage I. Compared with other STs, ST1930, ST3, ST5, and ST1032 exhibited higher cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells. Based on the classification of sources (food and clinical strains) and serogroups (II a, II b, and II c), there were no significant differences observed in terms of <i>G. mellonella</i> mortality, cytotoxicity, and hemolytic activity. In addition, ST121 exhibited significantly higher <i>hly</i>, <i>inlA</i>, <i>inlB</i>, <i>prfA</i>, <i>plcA</i>, and <i>plcB</i> gene expression compared with other STs. A gray relation analysis showed a high correlation between the toxicity of <i>G. mellonella</i> and the expression of the <i>hly</i> and <i>inlB</i> genes; in addition, <i>L. monocytogenes</i> may have a consistent virulence mechanism involving hemolysis activity and cytotoxicity. Through the integration of <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> infection models with information on the expression of virulence factor genes, the differences in virulence between strains or subtypes can be better understood.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/191<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>virulencehemolysis activityRT-qPCR<i>Galleria mellonella</i>JEG-3 cells |
| spellingShingle | Hui Yan Biyao Xu Binru Gao Yunyan Xu Xuejuan Xia Yue Ma Xiaojie Qin Qingli Dong Takashi Hirata Zhuosi Li Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Microorganisms <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> virulence hemolysis activity RT-qPCR <i>Galleria mellonella</i> JEG-3 cells |
| title | Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of i in vivo i and i in vitro i virulence among foodborne and clinical i listeria monocytogenes i strains |
| topic | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> virulence hemolysis activity RT-qPCR <i>Galleria mellonella</i> JEG-3 cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/191 |
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