Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches
Interface debonding between the steel tube and grouting materials in grouting jacket connections (GJCs) of offshore wind turbine supporting structures leads to negative effects on the load-carrying capacity and safety concerns. In this paper, an interface debonding defect detection and localization...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| author | Bin Xu Qian Liu Xinhai Zhu Hanbin Ge |
| author_facet | Bin Xu Qian Liu Xinhai Zhu Hanbin Ge |
| author_sort | Bin Xu |
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| description | Interface debonding between the steel tube and grouting materials in grouting jacket connections (GJCs) of offshore wind turbine supporting structures leads to negative effects on the load-carrying capacity and safety concerns. In this paper, an interface debonding defect detection and localization approach for scale underwater GJC specimens using surface wave measurement is proposed and validated numerically. A multi-physics finite element model (FEM) of underwater GJCs with mimicked interface debonding defects, surrounded by water, and coupled with surface-mounted piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patches is established. Under the excitation of a five-cycle modulated signal, the surface stress wave propagation, including transmission, diffraction, and reflection, within the outer steel tube, grouting material, and inner steel tube is simulated. The influence of mimicked interface debonding defects of varying dimensions on stress wave propagation is systematically analyzed through stress wave field distributions at distinct time intervals. Additionally, the response of surface-mounted PZT sensors in the underwater GJC model under a one-pitch-one-catch (OPOC) configuration is analyzed. Numerical results demonstrate that the wavelet packet energy (WPE) of the surface wave measurement from the PZT sensors corresponding to the traveling path with a mimicked interface debonding defect is larger than that without a defect. To further localize the debonding region, a one pitch and multiple catch (OPMC) configuration is employed, and an abnormal value analysis is conducted on the WPEs of PZT sensor measurements with identical and comparable wave traveling patches. The identified debonding regions correspond to the simulated defects in the models. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-10dd7b0952da495f9192f3784bd5e9c02025-08-20T03:48:01ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-05-012510312410.3390/s25103124Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT PatchesBin Xu0Qian Liu1Xinhai Zhu2Hanbin Ge3College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaShanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, ChinaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, JapanInterface debonding between the steel tube and grouting materials in grouting jacket connections (GJCs) of offshore wind turbine supporting structures leads to negative effects on the load-carrying capacity and safety concerns. In this paper, an interface debonding defect detection and localization approach for scale underwater GJC specimens using surface wave measurement is proposed and validated numerically. A multi-physics finite element model (FEM) of underwater GJCs with mimicked interface debonding defects, surrounded by water, and coupled with surface-mounted piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patches is established. Under the excitation of a five-cycle modulated signal, the surface stress wave propagation, including transmission, diffraction, and reflection, within the outer steel tube, grouting material, and inner steel tube is simulated. The influence of mimicked interface debonding defects of varying dimensions on stress wave propagation is systematically analyzed through stress wave field distributions at distinct time intervals. Additionally, the response of surface-mounted PZT sensors in the underwater GJC model under a one-pitch-one-catch (OPOC) configuration is analyzed. Numerical results demonstrate that the wavelet packet energy (WPE) of the surface wave measurement from the PZT sensors corresponding to the traveling path with a mimicked interface debonding defect is larger than that without a defect. To further localize the debonding region, a one pitch and multiple catch (OPMC) configuration is employed, and an abnormal value analysis is conducted on the WPEs of PZT sensor measurements with identical and comparable wave traveling patches. The identified debonding regions correspond to the simulated defects in the models.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3124underwater grouting jacket connection (GJC)interface debonding defectsurface wave measurementwavelet packet energypiezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT)multi-physical field numerical simulation |
| spellingShingle | Bin Xu Qian Liu Xinhai Zhu Hanbin Ge Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches Sensors underwater grouting jacket connection (GJC) interface debonding defect surface wave measurement wavelet packet energy piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) multi-physical field numerical simulation |
| title | Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches |
| title_full | Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches |
| title_fullStr | Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches |
| title_short | Multi-Physics Coupling Simulation of Surface Stress Waves for Interface Debonding Detection in Underwater Grouting Jacket Connections with PZT Patches |
| title_sort | multi physics coupling simulation of surface stress waves for interface debonding detection in underwater grouting jacket connections with pzt patches |
| topic | underwater grouting jacket connection (GJC) interface debonding defect surface wave measurement wavelet packet energy piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) multi-physical field numerical simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3124 |
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