Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source
Purpose Novel protein sources are urgently needed to meet the increasing protein demand of a continuously growing world population. This study is focused on the production of protein rich mushroom mycelia on industrial side streams. Methods Submerged propagation of mushrooms was carried out in shak...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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OICC Press
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://oiccpress.com/ijrowa/article/view/3308 |
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| author | Jenny Ahlborn Alexander Stephan Theresa Meckel Garima Maheshwari Martin Rühl Holger Zorn |
| author_facet | Jenny Ahlborn Alexander Stephan Theresa Meckel Garima Maheshwari Martin Rühl Holger Zorn |
| author_sort | Jenny Ahlborn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose Novel protein sources are urgently needed to meet the increasing protein demand of a continuously growing world population. This study is focused on the production of protein rich mushroom mycelia on industrial side streams.
Methods Submerged propagation of mushrooms was carried out in shake flasks which contained agro-industrial side streams as the sole carbon source. The biomass obtained was analyzed for its crude protein, ash and fat content as well as for its fatty acid and amino acid profiles. Vitamin D2 production from ergosterol in the biomass was induced by UV-B irradiation and determined by HPLCâDAD. The share of fungal mycelium in the total biomass was determined by extraction and quantitation of ergosterol. Additionally, water and oil binding capacity (WBC and OBC) were evaluated.
Results A screening of basidiomycetes grown on agro-industrial side streams indicated a fast growth of Pleurotus sapidus on apple pomace. After 4 days of cultivation, the biomass obtained from this mushroomâsubstrate combination contained 21% true protein in dry matter. In addition to proteins, the amounts of lipids (4%), ash (2%) and carbohydrates (74%) were quantitated. The dominating fatty and amino acids of Pleurotus sapidus grown on apple pomace were linoleic acid and glutamic acid/glutamine, respectively. Concentrations of up to 115 µg (g dry matter)â1 vitamin D2 were formed from ergosterol by UV-B irradiation. Ergosterol was used as a biomarker to monitor the amount of fungal content.
Conclusion The nutritional value of agro-industrial side streams such as apple pomace can be upcycled by biotransformation with basidiomycetes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-10d720197de945ff80a1c43fe1ffdf26 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2195-3228 2251-7715 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | OICC Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj-art-10d720197de945ff80a1c43fe1ffdf262025-02-03T11:59:39ZengOICC PressInternational Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture2195-32282251-77152024-01-018410.1007/s40093-019-00317-4Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein sourceJenny Ahlborn0Alexander Stephan1Theresa Meckel2Garima Maheshwari3Martin Rühl4Holger Zorn5Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, GermanyVAN HEES GmbH, Walluf, GermanyInstitute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, GermanyInstitute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, GermanyPurpose Novel protein sources are urgently needed to meet the increasing protein demand of a continuously growing world population. This study is focused on the production of protein rich mushroom mycelia on industrial side streams. Methods Submerged propagation of mushrooms was carried out in shake flasks which contained agro-industrial side streams as the sole carbon source. The biomass obtained was analyzed for its crude protein, ash and fat content as well as for its fatty acid and amino acid profiles. Vitamin D2 production from ergosterol in the biomass was induced by UV-B irradiation and determined by HPLCâDAD. The share of fungal mycelium in the total biomass was determined by extraction and quantitation of ergosterol. Additionally, water and oil binding capacity (WBC and OBC) were evaluated. Results A screening of basidiomycetes grown on agro-industrial side streams indicated a fast growth of Pleurotus sapidus on apple pomace. After 4 days of cultivation, the biomass obtained from this mushroomâsubstrate combination contained 21% true protein in dry matter. In addition to proteins, the amounts of lipids (4%), ash (2%) and carbohydrates (74%) were quantitated. The dominating fatty and amino acids of Pleurotus sapidus grown on apple pomace were linoleic acid and glutamic acid/glutamine, respectively. Concentrations of up to 115 µg (g dry matter)â1 vitamin D2 were formed from ergosterol by UV-B irradiation. Ergosterol was used as a biomarker to monitor the amount of fungal content. Conclusion The nutritional value of agro-industrial side streams such as apple pomace can be upcycled by biotransformation with basidiomycetes.https://oiccpress.com/ijrowa/article/view/3308Apple pomaceBiotransformationProtein sourceVitamin D2 |
| spellingShingle | Jenny Ahlborn Alexander Stephan Theresa Meckel Garima Maheshwari Martin Rühl Holger Zorn Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture Apple pomace Biotransformation Protein source Vitamin D2 |
| title | Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source |
| title_full | Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source |
| title_fullStr | Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source |
| title_full_unstemmed | Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source |
| title_short | Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source |
| title_sort | upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source |
| topic | Apple pomace Biotransformation Protein source Vitamin D2 |
| url | https://oiccpress.com/ijrowa/article/view/3308 |
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