Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China
The transformation of degraded stands represents an essential strategy for enhancing stand productivity and optimizing site adaptability. This study examined four typical monoculture forest stands transformed from underperforming <i>Platycladus orientalis</i> (<i>PO</i>) fore...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Yeqiao Wang Haochuan Tu Jingjing Zheng Xiongjie Li Guibin Wang Jing Guo |
| author_facet | Yeqiao Wang Haochuan Tu Jingjing Zheng Xiongjie Li Guibin Wang Jing Guo |
| author_sort | Yeqiao Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The transformation of degraded stands represents an essential strategy for enhancing stand productivity and optimizing site adaptability. This study examined four typical monoculture forest stands transformed from underperforming <i>Platycladus orientalis</i> (<i>PO</i>) forests in the limestone area of Xuzhou, China: <i>Acer pictum subsp. mono</i> (<i>AP</i>), <i>Pistacia chinensis</i> (<i>PC</i>), <i>Ligustrum lucidum</i> (<i>LL</i>), and <i>Firmiana simplex</i> (<i>FS</i>). The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), along with the C:N:P stoichiometric ratios, were analyzed in plants (leaves and fine roots), litter, and soil. The relationships among these components and their main influencing factors were explored. The results indicated that <i>FS</i> leaves contained higher levels of N and P, whereas <i>LL</i> litter presented significantly elevated C:N and N:P ratios in comparison with those of the other forest stands (<i>p</i> < 0.05). With the exception of <i>FS</i>, leaves displayed lower P than fine roots, which presented pronounced P enrichment. The soil C, N, and P contents decreased with depth, with both the forest stand and depth significantly impacting the soil stoichiometry (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Redundancy analysis identified available potassium, total nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon in the soil as key factors influencing the stoichiometric characteristics of the leaf–fine root–litter continuum. Collectively, the leaf N:P ratios (>16) and low soil P contents indicate that plantation growth was primarily constrained by P limitation. In response, <i>AP</i>, <i>PC</i>, and <i>LL</i> allocate more P to fine roots to adapt to the environment. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-10d5b9723d2a49e68c7eb5ff906ae8142025-08-20T02:21:53ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-06-011412175810.3390/plants14121758Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of ChinaYeqiao Wang0Haochuan Tu1Jingjing Zheng2Xiongjie Li3Guibin Wang4Jing Guo5State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaThe transformation of degraded stands represents an essential strategy for enhancing stand productivity and optimizing site adaptability. This study examined four typical monoculture forest stands transformed from underperforming <i>Platycladus orientalis</i> (<i>PO</i>) forests in the limestone area of Xuzhou, China: <i>Acer pictum subsp. mono</i> (<i>AP</i>), <i>Pistacia chinensis</i> (<i>PC</i>), <i>Ligustrum lucidum</i> (<i>LL</i>), and <i>Firmiana simplex</i> (<i>FS</i>). The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), along with the C:N:P stoichiometric ratios, were analyzed in plants (leaves and fine roots), litter, and soil. The relationships among these components and their main influencing factors were explored. The results indicated that <i>FS</i> leaves contained higher levels of N and P, whereas <i>LL</i> litter presented significantly elevated C:N and N:P ratios in comparison with those of the other forest stands (<i>p</i> < 0.05). With the exception of <i>FS</i>, leaves displayed lower P than fine roots, which presented pronounced P enrichment. The soil C, N, and P contents decreased with depth, with both the forest stand and depth significantly impacting the soil stoichiometry (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Redundancy analysis identified available potassium, total nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon in the soil as key factors influencing the stoichiometric characteristics of the leaf–fine root–litter continuum. Collectively, the leaf N:P ratios (>16) and low soil P contents indicate that plantation growth was primarily constrained by P limitation. In response, <i>AP</i>, <i>PC</i>, and <i>LL</i> allocate more P to fine roots to adapt to the environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1758ecological stoichiometrylimestone regionnutrient limitationplant–litter–soil continuum |
| spellingShingle | Yeqiao Wang Haochuan Tu Jingjing Zheng Xiongjie Li Guibin Wang Jing Guo Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China Plants ecological stoichiometry limestone region nutrient limitation plant–litter–soil continuum |
| title | Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China |
| title_full | Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China |
| title_fullStr | Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China |
| title_short | Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plant–Litter–Soil Among Different Forest Stands in a Limestone Region of China |
| title_sort | ecological stoichiometric characteristics of plant litter soil among different forest stands in a limestone region of china |
| topic | ecological stoichiometry limestone region nutrient limitation plant–litter–soil continuum |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1758 |
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