Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS
To elucidate the relationships between lipid components and odor traits, this study comparatively characterized the distinct lipid compositions and flavor volatiles in giant salamander tails of different sexes via mass-spectrometry-based lipidomics and GC-IMS. A total of 3145 fat metabolites were de...
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MDPI AG
2024-09-01
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| author | Shibo Zhao Jinghong Yu Linjie Xi Xiangdong Kong Jinjin Pei Pengfei Jiang Ruichang Gao Wengang Jin |
| author_facet | Shibo Zhao Jinghong Yu Linjie Xi Xiangdong Kong Jinjin Pei Pengfei Jiang Ruichang Gao Wengang Jin |
| author_sort | Shibo Zhao |
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| description | To elucidate the relationships between lipid components and odor traits, this study comparatively characterized the distinct lipid compositions and flavor volatiles in giant salamander tails of different sexes via mass-spectrometry-based lipidomics and GC-IMS. A total of 3145 fat metabolites were detected in male and female giant salamander tails, with the largest contributors being triglycerides (TGs, 840) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs, 383). Notably, the contents of PCs and TGs were greater in female tails than in male tails, and the levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were also greater in the female group. Additionally, a total of 45 volatile components were detected, namely, 14 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 9 ketones, 3 acids, 3 esters, 1 ether, and 1 amine. Alcohols (29.96% to 34.85%) and aldehydes (21.07% to 22.75%) were the predominant volatiles. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed 22 key differential fats and 26 differential odor substances as distinguishing labels between sexes. Correlation analysis revealed that the concentrations of triethylamine, dimethyl sulfide, ethanol-D, and 3-methyl butanal-D were significantly positively correlated with the concentrations of diglyceride (DG) (26:6e), cardiolipin (CL) (59:4), acylcarnitine (AcCa) (22:4), and triglyceride (TG) (52:10) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Threefold cross-validation revealed that the prediction accuracies of these differential lipids and volatile compounds for sex recognition via the random forest model were 100%. These findings might not only provide insight into the effects of sexes on the lipid and volatile profiles of giant salamander tails but also provide clues for their gender recognition. |
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| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-10cfce8d1a834bd1bc7a05a9681295e02025-08-20T02:16:50ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-09-011319304810.3390/foods13193048Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMSShibo Zhao0Jinghong Yu1Linjie Xi2Xiangdong Kong3Jinjin Pei4Pengfei Jiang5Ruichang Gao6Wengang Jin7Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, ChinaQinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, ChinaQinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, ChinaQinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, ChinaQinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, ChinaSKL of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaQinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Collaborative Innovation Center of Bio-Resource in Qinba Mountain Area, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, ChinaTo elucidate the relationships between lipid components and odor traits, this study comparatively characterized the distinct lipid compositions and flavor volatiles in giant salamander tails of different sexes via mass-spectrometry-based lipidomics and GC-IMS. A total of 3145 fat metabolites were detected in male and female giant salamander tails, with the largest contributors being triglycerides (TGs, 840) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs, 383). Notably, the contents of PCs and TGs were greater in female tails than in male tails, and the levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were also greater in the female group. Additionally, a total of 45 volatile components were detected, namely, 14 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 9 ketones, 3 acids, 3 esters, 1 ether, and 1 amine. Alcohols (29.96% to 34.85%) and aldehydes (21.07% to 22.75%) were the predominant volatiles. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed 22 key differential fats and 26 differential odor substances as distinguishing labels between sexes. Correlation analysis revealed that the concentrations of triethylamine, dimethyl sulfide, ethanol-D, and 3-methyl butanal-D were significantly positively correlated with the concentrations of diglyceride (DG) (26:6e), cardiolipin (CL) (59:4), acylcarnitine (AcCa) (22:4), and triglyceride (TG) (52:10) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Threefold cross-validation revealed that the prediction accuracies of these differential lipids and volatile compounds for sex recognition via the random forest model were 100%. These findings might not only provide insight into the effects of sexes on the lipid and volatile profiles of giant salamander tails but also provide clues for their gender recognition.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/19/3048lipidomicsgenderdifferential lipidsvolatile organic compoundsgiant salamander |
| spellingShingle | Shibo Zhao Jinghong Yu Linjie Xi Xiangdong Kong Jinjin Pei Pengfei Jiang Ruichang Gao Wengang Jin Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS Foods lipidomics gender differential lipids volatile organic compounds giant salamander |
| title | Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS |
| title_full | Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS |
| title_fullStr | Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS |
| title_short | Sex-Specific Lipid Profiles and Flavor Volatiles in Giant Salamander (<i>Andrias davidianus</i>) Tails Revealed by Lipidomics and GC-IMS |
| title_sort | sex specific lipid profiles and flavor volatiles in giant salamander i andrias davidianus i tails revealed by lipidomics and gc ims |
| topic | lipidomics gender differential lipids volatile organic compounds giant salamander |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/19/3048 |
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