Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency
The humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system is an effective solution for sustainable water production due to its low energy consumption and minimal environmental impact. This study explores the performance optimization of HDH systems by analyzing nozzle positioning, geometric confi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Thermofluids |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725000655 |
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| author | Mohammad Alrbai Ahmad Al Masri Dareen Makawii Ali Alahmer |
| author_facet | Mohammad Alrbai Ahmad Al Masri Dareen Makawii Ali Alahmer |
| author_sort | Mohammad Alrbai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system is an effective solution for sustainable water production due to its low energy consumption and minimal environmental impact. This study explores the performance optimization of HDH systems by analyzing nozzle positioning, geometric configurations, and thermodynamic efficiency. Furthermore, the study compares bottom-nozzle and top-nozzle configurations in both the humidifier and dehumidifier units to evaluate their impact on heat transfer, moisture absorption, and water recovery. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in ANSYS Fluent® were employed to model fluid dynamics, heat, and mass transfer, while the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) simulated water jet nozzle injections. Thermodynamic and exergy analyses using MATLAB® evaluated entropy changes and system efficiency. The results reveal that a bottom-nozzle configuration in both the humidifier and dehumidifier enhances performance, achieving a 4.34% humidity ratio compared to 3.25% with the top-nozzle setup. The dehumidifier demonstrated superior efficiency, with a Gain Output Ratio (GOR) that reached 7.2. Geometric analyses revealed that cylindrical designs reduced head loss by 8%, from 4.91 mm in square prisms to 4.45 mm, while improving turbulent flow and heat and mass transfer through better air-water interaction. Exergy efficiency for the humidifier was approximately 14%, highlighting the importance of optimal configurations. These results emphasize the significance of nozzle placement and geometric design in enhancing the efficiency of HDH desalination systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-10b27a44b78042a3a9acf679a451263c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-2027 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Thermofluids |
| spelling | doaj-art-10b27a44b78042a3a9acf679a451263c2025-02-02T05:29:22ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Thermofluids2666-20272025-03-0126101117Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiencyMohammad Alrbai0Ahmad Al Masri1Dareen Makawii2Ali Alahmer3Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; Corresponding authors.Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, JordanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, JordanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA; Corresponding authors.The humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system is an effective solution for sustainable water production due to its low energy consumption and minimal environmental impact. This study explores the performance optimization of HDH systems by analyzing nozzle positioning, geometric configurations, and thermodynamic efficiency. Furthermore, the study compares bottom-nozzle and top-nozzle configurations in both the humidifier and dehumidifier units to evaluate their impact on heat transfer, moisture absorption, and water recovery. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in ANSYS Fluent® were employed to model fluid dynamics, heat, and mass transfer, while the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) simulated water jet nozzle injections. Thermodynamic and exergy analyses using MATLAB® evaluated entropy changes and system efficiency. The results reveal that a bottom-nozzle configuration in both the humidifier and dehumidifier enhances performance, achieving a 4.34% humidity ratio compared to 3.25% with the top-nozzle setup. The dehumidifier demonstrated superior efficiency, with a Gain Output Ratio (GOR) that reached 7.2. Geometric analyses revealed that cylindrical designs reduced head loss by 8%, from 4.91 mm in square prisms to 4.45 mm, while improving turbulent flow and heat and mass transfer through better air-water interaction. Exergy efficiency for the humidifier was approximately 14%, highlighting the importance of optimal configurations. These results emphasize the significance of nozzle placement and geometric design in enhancing the efficiency of HDH desalination systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725000655Humidification-dehumidificationDesalinationGeometric configurationEnergy efficiencyExergyGain output ratio |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Alrbai Ahmad Al Masri Dareen Makawii Ali Alahmer Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency International Journal of Thermofluids Humidification-dehumidification Desalination Geometric configuration Energy efficiency Exergy Gain output ratio |
| title | Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency |
| title_full | Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency |
| title_short | Optimizing humidification–dehumidification desalination systems: Impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency |
| title_sort | optimizing humidification dehumidification desalination systems impact of nozzle position and geometric configuration on performance and efficiency |
| topic | Humidification-dehumidification Desalination Geometric configuration Energy efficiency Exergy Gain output ratio |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725000655 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadalrbai optimizinghumidificationdehumidificationdesalinationsystemsimpactofnozzlepositionandgeometricconfigurationonperformanceandefficiency AT ahmadalmasri optimizinghumidificationdehumidificationdesalinationsystemsimpactofnozzlepositionandgeometricconfigurationonperformanceandefficiency AT dareenmakawii optimizinghumidificationdehumidificationdesalinationsystemsimpactofnozzlepositionandgeometricconfigurationonperformanceandefficiency AT alialahmer optimizinghumidificationdehumidificationdesalinationsystemsimpactofnozzlepositionandgeometricconfigurationonperformanceandefficiency |