Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle
Background: <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> cattle is known to be temperamental and to produce beef with greater variability in terms of quality compared to beef of <i>Bos taurus taurus</i>. Cattle adaptability and resilience are of great importance to sustain beef production world...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Patricia Maloso Ramos Eduardo Francisquine Delgado Ana Cláudia da Silva Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo Vinicius Laerte Silva Herreira João Marcos Bovetto de Campos Valim Fernanda Maria Marins Ocampos Luiz Alberto Colnago Saulo da Luz e Silva |
| author_facet | Patricia Maloso Ramos Eduardo Francisquine Delgado Ana Cláudia da Silva Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo Vinicius Laerte Silva Herreira João Marcos Bovetto de Campos Valim Fernanda Maria Marins Ocampos Luiz Alberto Colnago Saulo da Luz e Silva |
| author_sort | Patricia Maloso Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> cattle is known to be temperamental and to produce beef with greater variability in terms of quality compared to beef of <i>Bos taurus taurus</i>. Cattle adaptability and resilience are of great importance to sustain beef production worldwide. Objective: The study aimed to understand early post-mortem metabolites among muscles with different fiber types profile of calm and excitable Nellore, as well as its relationship with fragmentation of beef aged up to 28 d. Methods: Animals were evaluated based on chute score and exit velocity to calculate a temperament index, which was used to classify them as calm or excitable. At slaughter, the pH and temperature declines of <i>Triceps brachii</i> (TB) and <i>Longissimus lumborum</i> (LL) were measured, muscles were sampled, and aged up to 28 d. Metabolites were determined, and sarcomere length and myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) were quantified. Metabolomics data were analyzed using a multivariate approach, while other traits were investigated through ANOVA. Results: The pH decline was affected by all three fixed effects investigated (temperament × muscle × time post-mortem: <i>p</i> = 0.016), while temperature decline was affected by muscle × time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Metabolites differed among muscles and cattle temperament, with excitable cattle showing greater taurine abundance in LL, as well as greater creatine in TB 1 h post-mortem, based on the volcano plot. Sarcomere length and MFI results revealed faster and limited tenderization in excitable cattle beef. Conclusions: Altogether, results emphasized the upregulation of mitochondrial enzymes and reduced tenderization as determinants of inferior beef quality after prolonged aging in excitable cattle. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1043626afdee46f28ad74ea15ef87fda |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj-art-1043626afdee46f28ad74ea15ef87fda2025-01-24T13:41:12ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892025-01-011512410.3390/metabo15010024Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> CattlePatricia Maloso Ramos0Eduardo Francisquine Delgado1Ana Cláudia da Silva2Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo3Vinicius Laerte Silva Herreira4João Marcos Bovetto de Campos Valim5Fernanda Maria Marins Ocampos6Luiz Alberto Colnago7Saulo da Luz e Silva8Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13.635-900, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Zootecnia, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba 13.418-900, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Zootecnia, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba 13.418-900, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13.635-900, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13.635-900, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13.635-900, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Nutrição e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13.635-900, SP, BrazilEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA Sudeste), São Carlos 13.561.206, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13.635-900, SP, BrazilBackground: <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> cattle is known to be temperamental and to produce beef with greater variability in terms of quality compared to beef of <i>Bos taurus taurus</i>. Cattle adaptability and resilience are of great importance to sustain beef production worldwide. Objective: The study aimed to understand early post-mortem metabolites among muscles with different fiber types profile of calm and excitable Nellore, as well as its relationship with fragmentation of beef aged up to 28 d. Methods: Animals were evaluated based on chute score and exit velocity to calculate a temperament index, which was used to classify them as calm or excitable. At slaughter, the pH and temperature declines of <i>Triceps brachii</i> (TB) and <i>Longissimus lumborum</i> (LL) were measured, muscles were sampled, and aged up to 28 d. Metabolites were determined, and sarcomere length and myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) were quantified. Metabolomics data were analyzed using a multivariate approach, while other traits were investigated through ANOVA. Results: The pH decline was affected by all three fixed effects investigated (temperament × muscle × time post-mortem: <i>p</i> = 0.016), while temperature decline was affected by muscle × time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Metabolites differed among muscles and cattle temperament, with excitable cattle showing greater taurine abundance in LL, as well as greater creatine in TB 1 h post-mortem, based on the volcano plot. Sarcomere length and MFI results revealed faster and limited tenderization in excitable cattle beef. Conclusions: Altogether, results emphasized the upregulation of mitochondrial enzymes and reduced tenderization as determinants of inferior beef quality after prolonged aging in excitable cattle.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/1/24calpastatinenergy metabolismglycolyticmitochondrialoxidativestress |
| spellingShingle | Patricia Maloso Ramos Eduardo Francisquine Delgado Ana Cláudia da Silva Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo Vinicius Laerte Silva Herreira João Marcos Bovetto de Campos Valim Fernanda Maria Marins Ocampos Luiz Alberto Colnago Saulo da Luz e Silva Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle Metabolites calpastatin energy metabolism glycolytic mitochondrial oxidative stress |
| title | Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle |
| title_full | Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle |
| title_short | Temperament Upregulates Mitochondrial Enzymes and Negatively Affects Myofibrillar Fragmentation in Beef of Excitable <i>Bos taurus indicus</i> Cattle |
| title_sort | temperament upregulates mitochondrial enzymes and negatively affects myofibrillar fragmentation in beef of excitable i bos taurus indicus i cattle |
| topic | calpastatin energy metabolism glycolytic mitochondrial oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/1/24 |
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