Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites
Previous studies indicated that light influences mycotoxin production and wheat’s defense responses to the cereal fungal pathogen <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>. Herein, the effect of different light wavelengths on <i>F. graminearum</i> colonization and secondary metabolite bios...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/2013 |
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| author | Minely Cerón-Bustamante Francesco Tini Giovanni Beccari Andrea Onofri Emilio Balducci Michael Sulyok Lorenzo Covarelli Paolo Benincasa |
| author_facet | Minely Cerón-Bustamante Francesco Tini Giovanni Beccari Andrea Onofri Emilio Balducci Michael Sulyok Lorenzo Covarelli Paolo Benincasa |
| author_sort | Minely Cerón-Bustamante |
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| description | Previous studies indicated that light influences mycotoxin production and wheat’s defense responses to the cereal fungal pathogen <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>. Herein, the effect of different light wavelengths on <i>F. graminearum</i> colonization and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in bread wheat was assessed. Heads of a susceptible bread wheat cultivar were point-inoculated and exposed to red (627 nm), blue (470 nm), blue/red, and white light. Symptom severity, fungal DNA, and secondary metabolite accumulation were evaluated. Blue and red wavelengths reduced <i>F. graminearum</i> infection but had an opposite effect on the production of its fungal secondary metabolites. While blue light enhanced the accumulation of sesquiterpene mycotoxins, red light promoted the production of polyketide compounds. In addition, blue light stimulated deoxynivalenol glycosylation. These findings suggest that the light spectrum could affect mycotoxin contamination of wheat grains, highlighting the importance of light quality studies in field crops. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ff5aab079d04868b10c769a49843f62 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ff5aab079d04868b10c769a49843f622025-08-20T03:28:29ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-07-011413201310.3390/plants14132013Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary MetabolitesMinely Cerón-Bustamante0Francesco Tini1Giovanni Beccari2Andrea Onofri3Emilio Balducci4Michael Sulyok5Lorenzo Covarelli6Paolo Benincasa7Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, BOKU University, A-3430 Tulln, AustriaDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyPrevious studies indicated that light influences mycotoxin production and wheat’s defense responses to the cereal fungal pathogen <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>. Herein, the effect of different light wavelengths on <i>F. graminearum</i> colonization and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in bread wheat was assessed. Heads of a susceptible bread wheat cultivar were point-inoculated and exposed to red (627 nm), blue (470 nm), blue/red, and white light. Symptom severity, fungal DNA, and secondary metabolite accumulation were evaluated. Blue and red wavelengths reduced <i>F. graminearum</i> infection but had an opposite effect on the production of its fungal secondary metabolites. While blue light enhanced the accumulation of sesquiterpene mycotoxins, red light promoted the production of polyketide compounds. In addition, blue light stimulated deoxynivalenol glycosylation. These findings suggest that the light spectrum could affect mycotoxin contamination of wheat grains, highlighting the importance of light quality studies in field crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/2013wheat<i>Fusarium graminearum</i>deoxynivalenoldeoxynivalenol-3-glucosidelighttrichothecenes |
| spellingShingle | Minely Cerón-Bustamante Francesco Tini Giovanni Beccari Andrea Onofri Emilio Balducci Michael Sulyok Lorenzo Covarelli Paolo Benincasa Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites Plants wheat <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> deoxynivalenol deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside light trichothecenes |
| title | Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites |
| title_full | Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites |
| title_short | Influence of Light Spectrum on Bread Wheat Head Colonization by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and on the Accumulation of Its Secondary Metabolites |
| title_sort | influence of light spectrum on bread wheat head colonization by i fusarium graminearum i and on the accumulation of its secondary metabolites |
| topic | wheat <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> deoxynivalenol deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside light trichothecenes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/2013 |
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