Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most frequent cause of liver disease worldwide, comprising a plethora of conditions, ranging from steatosis to end-stage liver disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with NAFLD and CVD-related events represent the main ca...

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Main Authors: Stefan Chiriac, Carol Stanciu, Irina Girleanu, Camelia Cojocariu, Catalin Sfarti, Ana-Maria Singeap, Tudor Cuciureanu, Laura Huiban, Cristina Maria Muzica, Sebastian Zenovia, Robert Nastasa, Anca Trifan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6696857
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author Stefan Chiriac
Carol Stanciu
Irina Girleanu
Camelia Cojocariu
Catalin Sfarti
Ana-Maria Singeap
Tudor Cuciureanu
Laura Huiban
Cristina Maria Muzica
Sebastian Zenovia
Robert Nastasa
Anca Trifan
author_facet Stefan Chiriac
Carol Stanciu
Irina Girleanu
Camelia Cojocariu
Catalin Sfarti
Ana-Maria Singeap
Tudor Cuciureanu
Laura Huiban
Cristina Maria Muzica
Sebastian Zenovia
Robert Nastasa
Anca Trifan
author_sort Stefan Chiriac
collection DOAJ
description Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most frequent cause of liver disease worldwide, comprising a plethora of conditions, ranging from steatosis to end-stage liver disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with NAFLD and CVD-related events represent the main cause of death in patients with NAFLD, surpassing liver-related mortality. This association is not surprising as NAFLD has been considered a part of the metabolic syndrome and has been related to numerous CVD risk factors, namely, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, both NAFLD and CVD present similar pathophysiological mechanisms, such as increased visceral adiposity, altered lipid metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation that could explain their association. Whether NAFLD increases the risk for CVD or these diagnostic entities represent distinct manifestations of the metabolic syndrome has not yet been clarified. This review focuses on the relation between NAFLD and the spectrum of CVD, considering the pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, current evidence, and future directions.
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spelling doaj-art-0fee172afcfb4e898d8615d5a8c08c132025-08-20T02:02:32ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology2291-27892291-27972021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66968576696857Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the MatterStefan Chiriac0Carol Stanciu1Irina Girleanu2Camelia Cojocariu3Catalin Sfarti4Ana-Maria Singeap5Tudor Cuciureanu6Laura Huiban7Cristina Maria Muzica8Sebastian Zenovia9Robert Nastasa10Anca Trifan11Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaInstitute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, RomaniaNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most frequent cause of liver disease worldwide, comprising a plethora of conditions, ranging from steatosis to end-stage liver disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with NAFLD and CVD-related events represent the main cause of death in patients with NAFLD, surpassing liver-related mortality. This association is not surprising as NAFLD has been considered a part of the metabolic syndrome and has been related to numerous CVD risk factors, namely, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, both NAFLD and CVD present similar pathophysiological mechanisms, such as increased visceral adiposity, altered lipid metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation that could explain their association. Whether NAFLD increases the risk for CVD or these diagnostic entities represent distinct manifestations of the metabolic syndrome has not yet been clarified. This review focuses on the relation between NAFLD and the spectrum of CVD, considering the pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, current evidence, and future directions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6696857
spellingShingle Stefan Chiriac
Carol Stanciu
Irina Girleanu
Camelia Cojocariu
Catalin Sfarti
Ana-Maria Singeap
Tudor Cuciureanu
Laura Huiban
Cristina Maria Muzica
Sebastian Zenovia
Robert Nastasa
Anca Trifan
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
title Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter
title_full Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter
title_fullStr Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter
title_full_unstemmed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter
title_short Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Heart of the Matter
title_sort nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases the heart of the matter
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6696857
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