Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to possess regulatory functions on immune cells which make them alternative therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The interaction between MSCs and immune cells through paracrine factors might be crucial for these immu...

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Main Authors: Yoojin Seo, Hyung-Sik Kim, In-Sun Hong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-01-01
Series:Stem Cells International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5126156
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author Yoojin Seo
Hyung-Sik Kim
In-Sun Hong
author_facet Yoojin Seo
Hyung-Sik Kim
In-Sun Hong
author_sort Yoojin Seo
collection DOAJ
description Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to possess regulatory functions on immune cells which make them alternative therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The interaction between MSCs and immune cells through paracrine factors might be crucial for these immunomodulatory effects of MSCs. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as bilayer membrane structures including exosomes and microvesicles which contain bioactive paracrine molecules affecting the characteristics of target cells. Recently, several studies have revealed that EVs derived from MSCs (MSC-EVs) can reproduce similar therapeutic impacts of parent MSCs; MSC-EVs could regulate proliferation, maturation, polarization, and migration of various immune effector cells and modulate the immune microenvironment depending on the context by delivering inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, and microRNAs. Therefore, MSC-EVs can be applied as novel and promising tools for the treatment of immune-related disorders to overcome the limitations of conventional cell therapy regarding efficacy and toxicity issues. In this review, we will discuss current insights regarding the major outcomes in the evaluation of MSC-EV function against inflammatory disease models, as well as immune cells.
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spelling doaj-art-0fe9b00d2ab94b609f84d20173b549d32025-08-20T03:54:29ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782019-01-01201910.1155/2019/51261565126156Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory TherapeuticsYoojin Seo0Hyung-Sik Kim1In-Sun Hong2Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of KoreaLaboratory of Stem Cell Research, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of KoreaMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to possess regulatory functions on immune cells which make them alternative therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The interaction between MSCs and immune cells through paracrine factors might be crucial for these immunomodulatory effects of MSCs. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as bilayer membrane structures including exosomes and microvesicles which contain bioactive paracrine molecules affecting the characteristics of target cells. Recently, several studies have revealed that EVs derived from MSCs (MSC-EVs) can reproduce similar therapeutic impacts of parent MSCs; MSC-EVs could regulate proliferation, maturation, polarization, and migration of various immune effector cells and modulate the immune microenvironment depending on the context by delivering inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, and microRNAs. Therefore, MSC-EVs can be applied as novel and promising tools for the treatment of immune-related disorders to overcome the limitations of conventional cell therapy regarding efficacy and toxicity issues. In this review, we will discuss current insights regarding the major outcomes in the evaluation of MSC-EV function against inflammatory disease models, as well as immune cells.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5126156
spellingShingle Yoojin Seo
Hyung-Sik Kim
In-Sun Hong
Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics
Stem Cells International
title Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics
title_full Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics
title_fullStr Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics
title_full_unstemmed Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics
title_short Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Immunomodulatory Therapeutics
title_sort stem cell derived extracellular vesicles as immunomodulatory therapeutics
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5126156
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