3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is the dominant method for measuring peptides and proteins from complex mixtures. In bottom-up approaches, proteins are digested or proteolyzed prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Peptides are fragmented, and proteins are inferred via peptide spectral matching (PSM). The t...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sadie R. Schultz, Matthew M. Champion
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:Talanta Open
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666831925001079
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850120575909888000
author Sadie R. Schultz
Matthew M. Champion
author_facet Sadie R. Schultz
Matthew M. Champion
author_sort Sadie R. Schultz
collection DOAJ
description Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is the dominant method for measuring peptides and proteins from complex mixtures. In bottom-up approaches, proteins are digested or proteolyzed prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Peptides are fragmented, and proteins are inferred via peptide spectral matching (PSM). The throughput of this process is surprisingly low; a proteomics core facility might analyse <20 samples/day per instrument using UHPLC-MS/MS. Because of this, automation in proteomics is rare, and virtually all preparation is performed by hand. We developed 3D printed hardware and automated sample preparation modules for a lower-cost Andrew Alliance pipetting robot. The robot operates on simple principles, using traditional pipettes and follows protocols closely resembling manual preparation. Here, we present modular protocols for the major techniques in proteomics preparation: in-solution and S-Trap digestion; Tip and solid-phase extraction (SPE) based desalting. Both approaches yield dense protein identifications from complex proteomes. Automated samples had high reproducibility: ∼60 % of proteins identified from in-solution and S-Trap digested samples had a measured CV of ≤20 %. In contrast, 52 % of in-solution digested and 63 % of S-Trap digested of proteins identified from manually prepared samples had CVs ≤20 %. Automated sample digestion and tip-based desalting had reduced ≅ 70 % and 40 % quantitative yield respectively compared to manual preparation according to the protein label-free quantification (LFQ). Increasing injection amount to normalize the yield restored protein and peptide identifications which demonstrates the differences between manual and automated methods were predominantly due to reduced recovery. Overall, automation of bottom-up proteomics sample preparation at the meso‑scale offers increased reproducibility in non sample-limited applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-0fccb3e03e2d4f4eb8aa851323d9ae60
institution OA Journals
issn 2666-8319
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Talanta Open
spelling doaj-art-0fccb3e03e2d4f4eb8aa851323d9ae602025-08-20T02:35:19ZengElsevierTalanta Open2666-83192025-12-011210050510.1016/j.talo.2025.1005053D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-ScaleSadie R. Schultz0Matthew M. Champion1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA; University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA; Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA; University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA; Corresponding author.Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is the dominant method for measuring peptides and proteins from complex mixtures. In bottom-up approaches, proteins are digested or proteolyzed prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Peptides are fragmented, and proteins are inferred via peptide spectral matching (PSM). The throughput of this process is surprisingly low; a proteomics core facility might analyse <20 samples/day per instrument using UHPLC-MS/MS. Because of this, automation in proteomics is rare, and virtually all preparation is performed by hand. We developed 3D printed hardware and automated sample preparation modules for a lower-cost Andrew Alliance pipetting robot. The robot operates on simple principles, using traditional pipettes and follows protocols closely resembling manual preparation. Here, we present modular protocols for the major techniques in proteomics preparation: in-solution and S-Trap digestion; Tip and solid-phase extraction (SPE) based desalting. Both approaches yield dense protein identifications from complex proteomes. Automated samples had high reproducibility: ∼60 % of proteins identified from in-solution and S-Trap digested samples had a measured CV of ≤20 %. In contrast, 52 % of in-solution digested and 63 % of S-Trap digested of proteins identified from manually prepared samples had CVs ≤20 %. Automated sample digestion and tip-based desalting had reduced ≅ 70 % and 40 % quantitative yield respectively compared to manual preparation according to the protein label-free quantification (LFQ). Increasing injection amount to normalize the yield restored protein and peptide identifications which demonstrates the differences between manual and automated methods were predominantly due to reduced recovery. Overall, automation of bottom-up proteomics sample preparation at the meso‑scale offers increased reproducibility in non sample-limited applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666831925001079AutomationProteomicsMass spectrometryMeso-scaleLiquid-handlingBottom-up
spellingShingle Sadie R. Schultz
Matthew M. Champion
3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale
Talanta Open
Automation
Proteomics
Mass spectrometry
Meso-scale
Liquid-handling
Bottom-up
title 3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale
title_full 3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale
title_fullStr 3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale
title_full_unstemmed 3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale
title_short 3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale
title_sort 3d printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the meso scale
topic Automation
Proteomics
Mass spectrometry
Meso-scale
Liquid-handling
Bottom-up
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666831925001079
work_keys_str_mv AT sadierschultz 3dprintedhardwareforautomationofproteomicssamplepreparationatthemesoscale
AT matthewmchampion 3dprintedhardwareforautomationofproteomicssamplepreparationatthemesoscale