Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User
Future wireless communications are expected to serve a wide range of emerging applications, such as Online Gaming, Extended Reality (XR), Metaverses, Healthcare or Telemetry, where communication from diverse connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices require not only stringent conditions such as ult...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10856109/ |
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| author | Nguyen Quang Sang Hye-Young Kim Tan N. Nguyen Minh Bui Vu Phuong T. Tran Tran Trung Duy Byung-Seo Kim Miroslav Voznak |
| author_facet | Nguyen Quang Sang Hye-Young Kim Tan N. Nguyen Minh Bui Vu Phuong T. Tran Tran Trung Duy Byung-Seo Kim Miroslav Voznak |
| author_sort | Nguyen Quang Sang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Future wireless communications are expected to serve a wide range of emerging applications, such as Online Gaming, Extended Reality (XR), Metaverses, Healthcare or Telemetry, where communication from diverse connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices require not only stringent conditions such as ultra-reliability and low-latency communication (URLLC) together with high bandwidth but also concerns about content security as well as copyright protection. To deal with URLLC demands, Short-Packet Communication (SPC) has been recently considered a vital solution. Meanwhile, to meet high spectrum utilization, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has emerged as a potential technology in the last decade, for its ability to serve multi-user communication simultaneously by exploiting power-domain rather than time or frequency domains. Especially, incorporating Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) with NOMA/SPC-based systems can further boost the system’s spectral efficiency as well as enhance communication coverage. However, NOMA-based systems hugely demand a reliable user-paring process, which imposes challenges in ensuring secure short-packet delivery for emerging IoT applications. Hence, this paper studies downlink RIS-assisted short-packet NOMA systems with the focus of improving the secure performance of the pairing process with untrusted users. Our primary innovation lies in developing an arbitrary user-pairing strategy for NOMA-based systems to secure short-packet delivery for IoT applications by jointly designing the power allocation policy and RIS’s phase shifter. In this strategy, untrustworthy users will be allocated higher power levels than trustworthy users, while the latter will be configured with sub-optimal phase shift criteria at RIS to maximize its cascaded channel gain. On this foundation, we derive closed-form expressions for the average block-error rate (BLER) to analyze the performance of trustworthy users as well as the average secure BLER to quantify the secure performance when untrustworthy users wiretap trustworthy users’ information using successive interference mechanisms. Moreover, we further develop asymptotic expressions for both cases to measure the diversity gain and induce key parameters. Subsequently, Monte Carlo simulations are provided as a benchmark to corroborate the theoretical findings. This demonstrates that our work can offer a groundbreaking solution for secure and efficient wireless communication, which can also be applied to digital content protection, such as gaming. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0f8f925d5e0b4ab3b9f8251983f5527d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f8f925d5e0b4ab3b9f8251983f5527d2025-02-06T00:00:41ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113215802159310.1109/ACCESS.2025.353581310856109Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted UserNguyen Quang Sang0Hye-Young Kim1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-7510Tan N. Nguyen2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-6652Minh Bui Vu3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0222-166XPhuong T. Tran4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1448-8882Tran Trung Duy5Byung-Seo Kim6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-1950Miroslav Voznak7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-7980Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamSchool of Games/Game Software, Hongik University, Sejong-si, South KoreaCommunications and Signal Processing Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamFaculty of Engineering and Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamWireless Communications Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamPosts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamSchool of Games/Game Software, Hongik University, Sejong-si, South KoreaFaculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech RepublicFuture wireless communications are expected to serve a wide range of emerging applications, such as Online Gaming, Extended Reality (XR), Metaverses, Healthcare or Telemetry, where communication from diverse connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices require not only stringent conditions such as ultra-reliability and low-latency communication (URLLC) together with high bandwidth but also concerns about content security as well as copyright protection. To deal with URLLC demands, Short-Packet Communication (SPC) has been recently considered a vital solution. Meanwhile, to meet high spectrum utilization, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has emerged as a potential technology in the last decade, for its ability to serve multi-user communication simultaneously by exploiting power-domain rather than time or frequency domains. Especially, incorporating Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) with NOMA/SPC-based systems can further boost the system’s spectral efficiency as well as enhance communication coverage. However, NOMA-based systems hugely demand a reliable user-paring process, which imposes challenges in ensuring secure short-packet delivery for emerging IoT applications. Hence, this paper studies downlink RIS-assisted short-packet NOMA systems with the focus of improving the secure performance of the pairing process with untrusted users. Our primary innovation lies in developing an arbitrary user-pairing strategy for NOMA-based systems to secure short-packet delivery for IoT applications by jointly designing the power allocation policy and RIS’s phase shifter. In this strategy, untrustworthy users will be allocated higher power levels than trustworthy users, while the latter will be configured with sub-optimal phase shift criteria at RIS to maximize its cascaded channel gain. On this foundation, we derive closed-form expressions for the average block-error rate (BLER) to analyze the performance of trustworthy users as well as the average secure BLER to quantify the secure performance when untrustworthy users wiretap trustworthy users’ information using successive interference mechanisms. Moreover, we further develop asymptotic expressions for both cases to measure the diversity gain and induce key parameters. Subsequently, Monte Carlo simulations are provided as a benchmark to corroborate the theoretical findings. This demonstrates that our work can offer a groundbreaking solution for secure and efficient wireless communication, which can also be applied to digital content protection, such as gaming.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10856109/Content securitycopyright protectionerror phase-shiftnon-orthogonal multiple accessuntrusted usershort-packet communication |
| spellingShingle | Nguyen Quang Sang Hye-Young Kim Tan N. Nguyen Minh Bui Vu Phuong T. Tran Tran Trung Duy Byung-Seo Kim Miroslav Voznak Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User IEEE Access Content security copyright protection error phase-shift non-orthogonal multiple access untrusted user short-packet communication |
| title | Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User |
| title_full | Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User |
| title_fullStr | Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User |
| title_short | Performance of RIS-Secured Short-Packet NOMA Systems With Discrete Phase-Shifter to Protect Digital Content and Copyright Against Untrusted User |
| title_sort | performance of ris secured short packet noma systems with discrete phase shifter to protect digital content and copyright against untrusted user |
| topic | Content security copyright protection error phase-shift non-orthogonal multiple access untrusted user short-packet communication |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10856109/ |
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