Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance
Abstract Background Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent dental issue characterized by sharp pain of short duration. Although the exact cause of DH remains debated, the hydrodynamic theory explains its mechanism. Furthermore, various methods, such as potassium-containing toothpaste, mouthwash...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06299-2 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849329459459522560 |
|---|---|
| author | Mayar H. Hassaan Nagah A. Rashad Afaf A. El Sawa Lubna M. Eldesouky Aya S. Sedik |
| author_facet | Mayar H. Hassaan Nagah A. Rashad Afaf A. El Sawa Lubna M. Eldesouky Aya S. Sedik |
| author_sort | Mayar H. Hassaan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent dental issue characterized by sharp pain of short duration. Although the exact cause of DH remains debated, the hydrodynamic theory explains its mechanism. Furthermore, various methods, such as potassium-containing toothpaste, mouthwash, and chewing gum, have been attempted to address DH. However, recent research has explored the potential of nanoparticles (NPs) for DH treatment due to their biocompatibility and bioactive properties. Methods Twenty-seven sound premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were utilized in the present study to obtain 27 mid-coronal dentin discs. These discs were then etched with 37% orthophosphoric acid for 20 s to expose dentinal tubules (DTs) and simulate DH. Subsequently, dentin discs were rinsed with distilled water for 1 min. These dentin discs were randomly allocated into 3 groups: Group I (etched control), Group II (the etched dentin discs were treated with a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) dental hydrogel scaffold loaded with 20% HANPs), and Group III (the etched dentin discs were treated with a CMC dental hydrogel scaffold loaded with 20% ZnO NPs). After 7 days, Group II and III underwent erosive challenge to evaluate the protective effect of the nanoparticle treatments. Finally, the dentin discs were analyzed using profilometric analysis to measure surface roughness (SRa), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate DT occlusion, computer-assisted SEM image analysis using Image J. Results Among the groups, Group I exhibited the highest SRa following the DH simulation. Group II showed lower SRa compared to group III. SEM analysis indicated that Group III displayed more occluded DTs compared to Group II. Group I showed the most unoccluded DTs. The SEM analysis results were further quantitatively confirmed using Image J. Conclusions The results indicated that both HANPs and ZnO NPs exhibited promising outcomes; however, ZnO NPs demonstrated superior effectiveness in resisting erosive wear compared to HANPs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0f896a085a95460fa16b98f69ef77c45 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f896a085a95460fa16b98f69ef77c452025-08-20T03:47:16ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-06-0125111310.1186/s12903-025-06299-2Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistanceMayar H. Hassaan0Nagah A. Rashad1Afaf A. El Sawa2Lubna M. Eldesouky3Aya S. Sedik4Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime TransportDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria UniversityAbstract Background Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent dental issue characterized by sharp pain of short duration. Although the exact cause of DH remains debated, the hydrodynamic theory explains its mechanism. Furthermore, various methods, such as potassium-containing toothpaste, mouthwash, and chewing gum, have been attempted to address DH. However, recent research has explored the potential of nanoparticles (NPs) for DH treatment due to their biocompatibility and bioactive properties. Methods Twenty-seven sound premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were utilized in the present study to obtain 27 mid-coronal dentin discs. These discs were then etched with 37% orthophosphoric acid for 20 s to expose dentinal tubules (DTs) and simulate DH. Subsequently, dentin discs were rinsed with distilled water for 1 min. These dentin discs were randomly allocated into 3 groups: Group I (etched control), Group II (the etched dentin discs were treated with a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) dental hydrogel scaffold loaded with 20% HANPs), and Group III (the etched dentin discs were treated with a CMC dental hydrogel scaffold loaded with 20% ZnO NPs). After 7 days, Group II and III underwent erosive challenge to evaluate the protective effect of the nanoparticle treatments. Finally, the dentin discs were analyzed using profilometric analysis to measure surface roughness (SRa), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate DT occlusion, computer-assisted SEM image analysis using Image J. Results Among the groups, Group I exhibited the highest SRa following the DH simulation. Group II showed lower SRa compared to group III. SEM analysis indicated that Group III displayed more occluded DTs compared to Group II. Group I showed the most unoccluded DTs. The SEM analysis results were further quantitatively confirmed using Image J. Conclusions The results indicated that both HANPs and ZnO NPs exhibited promising outcomes; however, ZnO NPs demonstrated superior effectiveness in resisting erosive wear compared to HANPs.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06299-2Dentin hypersensitivityNanoparticlesZinc oxide nanoparticlesHydroxyapatite nanoparticlesDentinal tubules |
| spellingShingle | Mayar H. Hassaan Nagah A. Rashad Afaf A. El Sawa Lubna M. Eldesouky Aya S. Sedik Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance BMC Oral Health Dentin hypersensitivity Nanoparticles Zinc oxide nanoparticles Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles Dentinal tubules |
| title | Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance |
| title_full | Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance |
| title_fullStr | Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance |
| title_short | Profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance |
| title_sort | profilometric and scanning electron microscopy analysis comparing hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles for erosion resistance |
| topic | Dentin hypersensitivity Nanoparticles Zinc oxide nanoparticles Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles Dentinal tubules |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06299-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mayarhhassaan profilometricandscanningelectronmicroscopyanalysiscomparinghydroxyapatiteandzincoxidenanoparticlesforerosionresistance AT nagaharashad profilometricandscanningelectronmicroscopyanalysiscomparinghydroxyapatiteandzincoxidenanoparticlesforerosionresistance AT afafaelsawa profilometricandscanningelectronmicroscopyanalysiscomparinghydroxyapatiteandzincoxidenanoparticlesforerosionresistance AT lubnameldesouky profilometricandscanningelectronmicroscopyanalysiscomparinghydroxyapatiteandzincoxidenanoparticlesforerosionresistance AT ayassedik profilometricandscanningelectronmicroscopyanalysiscomparinghydroxyapatiteandzincoxidenanoparticlesforerosionresistance |