Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression

Cofilin is a pivotal actin-binding protein that plays a central role in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics, contributing to essential cellular processes such as migration, invasion, intracellular trafficking, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of cofilin is increasingly recognized to play a role in the path...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: J. Renukadevi, D. S. Mridula, K. Nimithasree, V. Sanjay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Bio-X Research
Online Access:https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/jbioxresearch.0048
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849415403064786944
author J. Renukadevi
D. S. Mridula
K. Nimithasree
V. Sanjay
author_facet J. Renukadevi
D. S. Mridula
K. Nimithasree
V. Sanjay
author_sort J. Renukadevi
collection DOAJ
description Cofilin is a pivotal actin-binding protein that plays a central role in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics, contributing to essential cellular processes such as migration, invasion, intracellular trafficking, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of cofilin is increasingly recognized to play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers, including gliomas and colorectal, breast, and bladder cancers. Cofilin facilitates cancer cell motility and metastasis by severing actin filaments, promoting invadopodia formation, and inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cofilin also modulates oncogenic signaling pathways, such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and Rho guanosine triphosphatase pathways, and influences mitochondrial dynamics, thereby contributing to apoptosis resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion. Recent advances in high-resolution imaging and multiomics analyses have revealed the spatiotemporal regulation of cofilin in the tumor microenvironment and its potential for use as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Elevated cofilin expression is correlated with poor clinical outcomes and resistance to therapies, making cofilin an attractive target for cancer treatment. Preclinical models have demonstrated that targeting cofilin or its upstream regulators can improve therapeutic responses and suppress metastasis. This review explores the structural, functional, and regulatory roles of cofilin in cancer biology and highlights its emerging therapeutic potential. Future research should focus on the development of selective inhibitors and personalized treatment strategies to leverage cofilin as a target in precision oncology.
format Article
id doaj-art-0f702793fbbe4c86817f250e7895b080
institution Kabale University
issn 2577-3585
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
record_format Article
series Journal of Bio-X Research
spelling doaj-art-0f702793fbbe4c86817f250e7895b0802025-08-20T03:33:32ZengAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Journal of Bio-X Research2577-35852025-01-01810.34133/jbioxresearch.0048Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and ProgressionJ. Renukadevi0D. S. Mridula1K. Nimithasree2V. Sanjay3Department of Pharmaceutics, Saveetha College of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, India.Department of Pharmaceutics, Saveetha College of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, India.Department of Pharmaceutics, Saveetha College of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, India.Department of Pharmaceutics, Saveetha College of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, India.Cofilin is a pivotal actin-binding protein that plays a central role in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics, contributing to essential cellular processes such as migration, invasion, intracellular trafficking, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of cofilin is increasingly recognized to play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers, including gliomas and colorectal, breast, and bladder cancers. Cofilin facilitates cancer cell motility and metastasis by severing actin filaments, promoting invadopodia formation, and inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cofilin also modulates oncogenic signaling pathways, such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and Rho guanosine triphosphatase pathways, and influences mitochondrial dynamics, thereby contributing to apoptosis resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion. Recent advances in high-resolution imaging and multiomics analyses have revealed the spatiotemporal regulation of cofilin in the tumor microenvironment and its potential for use as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Elevated cofilin expression is correlated with poor clinical outcomes and resistance to therapies, making cofilin an attractive target for cancer treatment. Preclinical models have demonstrated that targeting cofilin or its upstream regulators can improve therapeutic responses and suppress metastasis. This review explores the structural, functional, and regulatory roles of cofilin in cancer biology and highlights its emerging therapeutic potential. Future research should focus on the development of selective inhibitors and personalized treatment strategies to leverage cofilin as a target in precision oncology.https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/jbioxresearch.0048
spellingShingle J. Renukadevi
D. S. Mridula
K. Nimithasree
V. Sanjay
Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression
Journal of Bio-X Research
title Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression
title_full Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression
title_fullStr Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression
title_full_unstemmed Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression
title_short Cofilin in Cancer: A Molecular Review of Its Role in Tumor Plasticity and Progression
title_sort cofilin in cancer a molecular review of its role in tumor plasticity and progression
url https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/jbioxresearch.0048
work_keys_str_mv AT jrenukadevi cofilinincanceramolecularreviewofitsroleintumorplasticityandprogression
AT dsmridula cofilinincanceramolecularreviewofitsroleintumorplasticityandprogression
AT knimithasree cofilinincanceramolecularreviewofitsroleintumorplasticityandprogression
AT vsanjay cofilinincanceramolecularreviewofitsroleintumorplasticityandprogression